성별에 따른 대학생의 성격특성, 인지적 통제와 위험행동의 관계

국문 초록 (Abstract)

대학생은 과도한 흡연이나 폭음, 도박하기, 위험한 성관계 같은 여러 가지 위험행동을 많이 보인다. 이 연구에서는 성격특성과 인지적 통제가 대학생의 위험행동과 관계가 있는지, 그리고 성격특성을 통제했을 때 인지적 통제가 위험행동을 예측하는지를 성별에 따라 검증하였다. D광역시 소재 K대학교에 재학 중인 학생들 가운데에서 남학생 57명과 여학생 60명이 자발적으로 연구에 참여하였다. 성격특성으로 감각추구와 충동성을 Arnett 감각추구척도와 Barratt 충동성검사로 측정하였고, 인지적 통제는 컴퓨터로 실시한 Eriksen 수반자극과제에서 산출된 수반자극방해효과와 갈등적응효과로 측정하였다. 또한 지난 1년 동안 여러 가지 위험행동에 참여하였던 정도를 측정하였다. 위험행동은 일상 생활관련위험행동, 지위관련위험행동, 위법관련위험행동과 물질관련위험행동으로 구분되었고 전반적으로 위험행동은 낮은 편이었다. 성별에 관계없이 감각추구는 위험행동과 관계를 보여서 감각추구를 많이 할수록 대학생은 위험행동을 더 많이 보였다. 수반자극방해효과와 갈등적응효과는 여학생의 위험행동과 관계가 없었지만 갈등적응효과는 남학생의 일상생활관련 위험행동과 관계가 있었다. 남학생은 갈등적응효과가 작을수록 위험행동을 더 많이 보였고, 감각추구를 통제하였을 때에도 갈등적응효과는 남학생의 위험행동을 의미있게 예측하였다. 이 연구는 인지적 통제가 남학생의 위험행동을 예측하는 중요한 인지적 요인이며, 갈등적응효과가 수반자극방해효과보다 위험행동을 더 잘 예측한다는 사실을 밝혔다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Risk behaviors such as binge drinking, gambling and substance use occurs often among college students. In this study, the relationships between personality characteristics, cognitive control and risk behaviors were examined in male and female college students. Fifty seven male and 60 female students of K University in D city voluntarily participated in the study. Personality characteristics were assessed by means of Arnett’s Sensation Seeking Scale and Barratt’s Impulsivity Scale. Cognitive control was measured through the Flanker interference and conflict adaptation effects, which were assessed via the Eriksen Flanker task. Risk behaviors were assessed by the frequencies of risk behaviors in the past year. Regardless of gender, sensation seeking but not impulsivity was related to risk behaviors. The Flanker interference and conflict adaptation effects were not related to risk behaviors in females. However, the conflict adaptation effect was related to risk behaviors in males. Males displayed high levels of risk behaviors when they showed poor cognitive control. When sensation seeking was controlled, the conflict adaptation effect predicted males’ risk behaviors. This study indicated that cognitive control is an important cognitive predictor of male college students’ risk behaviors and that the conflict adaptation effect predicted risk behaviors better than the Flanker interference effect.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 초록
• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경
• Ⅱ. 연구방법
• Ⅲ. 연구결과
• Ⅳ. 논의 및 결론
• 참고문헌
• ABSTRACT

참고문헌 (Reference)

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