아동초기 사회경제적 지위(SES)와 가정환경이 언어발달에 미치는 영향 = The effect of the socioeconomic status(SES) and home environment on the language development in early childhood

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the physical and behavioral aspects of children's home environment at 3 years on the language development of the ages of 3 and 4 years. The total of 266 children(N=266) at 3 years, and 92 children among them again at 4 years were participated in this study. EC-HOME for the home environment and K-CDI and PPVT for children's language ability were completed by their mothers and investigators. The home environment was divided into the physical and behavioral domains. The results are as follow: First, there was a significant correlation between children's language ability and both aspects of home environment at 3 years, but no relationship with receptive vocabulary at 4 years. Second, mother's education level and behavioral domains of home environment were the predictors on expressive language, but for language comprehension were the parental behaviors and physical stimuli to prompt to learn. Especially, mother's education level and physical stimuli were important for language comprehension in low-income families. The results implied that the effect of parent's behaviors on children's language development could be understood in relation to the physical support providing to them in early childhood.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 소득, 부모 학력 및 가정환경의 물리적 측면과 행동적 측면이 아동의 언어발달에 미치는 영향과 3세 때 가정환경의 영향이 4세에도 지속되는지를 알아보는 것이 목적이었다. 3세에는 266명이 참여하였으며, 이중에서 92명이 4세에도 참여하였다. 3세에는 가정환경(HOME)과 아동발달검사(K-CDI)의 언어 소검사를 실시하였으며, 4세에는 피바디 그림어휘검사(PPVT)를 사용하여 이해어휘를 측정하였다. 3세의 가정환경은 물리적 영역과 행동적 영역으로 나누어졌으며, 각 영역은 다시 두 개의 범주로 세분되었다. 그 결과, 첫째, 3세의 수입, 학력, 가정환경의 행동적 영역과 물리적 영역 모두 3세 언어발달과 정적 상관이 있었으며, 4세 어휘와는 유의한 상관이 없었다. 둘째, 어머니의 학력과 가정환경의 행동적 영역은 표현언어를 예측하였으며, 행동적 영역의 학습적 행동과 물리적 영역의 학습자극은 언어이해를 예측하였다. 소득계층별로 저소득층은 어머니의 학력과 물리적 학습자극이 그리고 중/고소득층은 부모의 학습적 행동이 아동의 언어발달을 예측하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 아동의 언어발달에 대한 부모 행동의 영향은 물리적 지원과 관련되어 설명될 수 있음을 제안하고 있다.

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