소규모 작업장 작업자들의 인간공학적 평가 및 정량적 부하 평가 = Assessment of Working Posture using RULA and REBA in Small Plants with Agricultural Products

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Based on the ergonomic evaluation of workers in the domestic traditional Korean sweet manufacturer, one of the small scale agricultural product manufacturers, the purpose of this study is on estimating the specific works and muscles that have possibility of musculoskeletal disorder through an EMG experiment for quantitative evaluation.
The method followed in an order: works that have musculoskeletal disorder risk were extracted through ergonomic assessment tools,RULA and REBA, and then EMG experiment on the postures was carried out with six healthy adult male patients.
As an ergonomic evaluation result, work posture during the drying process had the greatest musculoskeletal disorder risk, and EMG activity in the cleansing work posture scored the highest among the drying, cleansing, and coating work postures.In particular in the drying work, relatively high EMG activities were shown in the two muscles in the lower body: biceps femoris muscle, and gastrocnemius,than any other muscles.
Therefore, during the traditional Korean sweet workplace design in future, the workplace requires a posture that deeply bow wrist for a long time should be avoided.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 소규모 농산물 가공공장 중 하나인 한과작업장의 작업자들을 대상으로 인간공학적 평가를 실시하고, 이를 바탕으로 정량적 평가를 위해 실내근전도 실험을 하여 어떤 작업에서 어떤 근육에 근골격계질환 가능성이 있는지 평가하는데 있다. 연구방법은 인간공학적 평가도구인 RULA 및 REBA를 이용하여 근골격계질환 위험 작업을 추출하고, 신체건강한 성인 남성 6명을 대상으로 근전도 실험을 하였다.
인간공학적 평가 결과 건조작업이 근골격계질환 위험도가 가장 높았으며, 건조작업자세, 수세 작업자세, 고물 묻히는 작업자세 중 수세 작업자세가 근활성도가 가장 높았다. 특히, 건조작업에서 하지근육인 대퇴이두근과 비복근이 다른 근육들에 비해 상대적으로 근활성도가 높았다.
따라서 추후에 한과작업장 설계시 허리를 깊게 숙인 채 장시간 작업하는 자세가 없도록 해야 한다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 기도형, "작업 자세 평가 기법 OWAS, RULA, REBA 비교" 한국안전학회 20 (20): 127-132, 2005

2 구혜란, "소규모 농산물 가공사업장 작업자의 직무스트레스 평가 및 근골격계부담작업 유해요인 조사" 한국농촌지도학회 18 (18): 861-877, 2011

3 노동부, "산업보건기준에 관한 규칙"

4 American Conference of Govermental Industrial Hygienists(ACGIH), "Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices Hand-arm(segmental) vibration" 82-86, 1991

5 Snook, S.H, "The design of manual handling tasks: revised tavles of maximum acceptable weights and forces" 34 (34): 1197-1213, 1991

6 Moore, J.S, "The Strain Index: A Proposed Method to Analyze Jobs For Risk of Distal Upper Extremity Disorders" 56 (56): 443-458, 1995

7 Thomas R.W, "Revised NIOSH equation for the design and evaluation of manual lifting tasks" 36 (36): 749-776, 1993

8 McAtamney, L, "Reducing the risks of Work Related Upper Limb Disorders. A Guide and Metheds"

9 Putz AV, "Recognizing Cumulative Trauma Disorders: a Manual for musculoskeletal Disease of the Upper Limb"

10 Hignett S, "Rapid Entire Body Assessment" 31 (31): 201-205, 2000

11 "KOSHA CODE: H-30-2003, 별표 3. 작업분석 평가도구"

12 Karhu, O, "Correcting Working Postures in Industry: A Practical Method for Analysis" 8 (8): 199-2001, 1977

13 Washington Department of Labor and Industries, "Appendix B: Criteria for Analyzing and Reducing WMSD Hazards for Employers Sho Choose the specific performance Approach"

14 Keyserling W.M, "A Checklist for Evaluating Ergonomic Risk Factors Resulting from Awkward Postures of the legs, Trunk and Neck" 9 (9): 283-301, 1992

15 노동부, "2010년도 산업재해분석" 2010