터키에서 공화인민당의 집권과 세속주의 여성의 출현 = The Ruling of Republican Peoples Party and The Emergence of Secularist Ladies in Turkey

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Building the secular nation-state, the secular elites adopted secularism as the fundamental doctrine in ruling the country. Ataturk and the secular elites regarded the formation of Turkish women`s identity as equal as the rights of the Western women as one of the most important determinants for the national development. It was because they believed that Turkish women`s separation from the past, so to speak the women`s emancipation from the Islamic traditional norms and practices would be the key means of the successful secular nation-state construction based upon the westernized modernization and the nationalism. In order to legitimize the Turkish women`s participation in social activities, the secular elites paid attention to how to restore the traditional equality value in the pre-Islamic period. The fact that the gender equality has been inherent in Turkish people needed to be emphasized as a virtue for the national development. Simultaneously, they emphasized westernization as a strategy for the development so that Turkish women could be comrades of men by adopting education from the West and the Western costume. Besides, the Western civil law was introduced by the secular elites for the women`s more participation in social activities, which was evaluated as an epoch-making contribution to women`s status. This newly adopted civil law prohibited the custom of polygamy and illegal divorce. But the women living in the big cities who were endowed with unprecedented right by the secular reformation were given opportunities of education and to join social activities.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 서재만, "터키의 종교정책" 한국외대 중동문제연구소 19 (19): 2000

2 김대성, "터키들여다보기" 한국외국어대학교 2006

3 서재만, "터키공화국의 정치발전과 이슬람, In 중동정치의 이해3" 한울아카데미 2006

4 서재만, "터어키에 있어서 여성의 사회적 지위: 법제적 측면" 3 (3): 1994

5 조희선, "이슬람사회의 여성" 한국외국어대학교 출판부 2004

6 알리 리자 발라만, "세속 터키 국가와 이슬람화 운동" 5 : 1995

7 이정순, "무슬림 여성과 베일" 기독교문서선교 2002

8 우덕찬, "근대화？케말리즘？여성- 터키의 경우 -" 지중해지역원 5 (5): 153-174, 2003

9 Tapper, Richard, "Çağdaş Türkiye'de İslam: Din, Syaset, Edebiyat ve Laik Devlet" Sarmal 1991

10 Göle, Nilüfer, "secularism and islamism in Turkey: The Making of Elites and Counter-elites" 51 (51): 1997

11 Doğramcı, Emel, "Women in Turkey and the New Millenium" Atatürk Research Center 2000

12 Gökalp, Ziya, "Türkçülüğün Esasları" Istanbul Varlık Yayınları 1968

13 Tekeli, Ş, "Türkiye'de Kadının Siyasal Hayattaki Yeri, Türk Toplumunda Kadın" Türk Sosyal Bilimler Derneği 1979

14 Doğramcı, Emel, "Türkiye'de Kadın'ın Dünü ve Bugünü" AnkaraTürkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınlar 1997

15 Göle, Nilüfer, "Toward an Autonomisation of Politics and Civil Society in Turkey, In Politics in the Third Turkish Republic" Westview Press 1994

16 Tahire, Erman, "The meaning of city living for rural migrant women and there role in migration: the case of Turkey" 20 (20): 1997

17 Muammer, Kaylan, "The Kemalists" Prometheus Books 2005

18 Yiğit, Ali Ata, "The Improvement of Women's Rights in Turkey and its Effects on Social Change(1839-1938)" 3 : 9-17, 2008

19 Berkes, Niyazi, "The Development of Secularism in Turkey" Routledge 1998

20 Çınar, Alev, "Subversion and subjugation in the public sphere: secularism and the Islamic headscarf" 33 (33): 2008

21 White, Jenny B, "State Feminism, Modernization, and the Turkish Republican Woman" 15 (15): 2003

22 Yavuz, M. Hakan, "Secularism and Muslim Democracy in Turkey" Cambridge University Press 2009

23 Narli, Nilüfer, "Rise of Islamist Movements in Turkey" 3 (3): 1999

24 Casanova, Jose, "Public Religions in the Modern World" University of Chicago Press 1994

25 Köker, Levent, "National Identity and State Legitimacy: Contradictions of Turkey's Democratic Experience, In Civil Society, Democracy and the Muslim Worlds" Numune 1997

26 Kim, Dae Sung, "Modernization and Educational Reform in Ataturk's period" 4 (4): 2001

27 Keyman, E. Fuat, "Modernity, Secularism and Islam: The Case of Turkey" 24 : 2007

28 Arat, Zehra, "Kemalism and Turkish Woman" 14 (14): 1994

29 Olcay, Özlem Altan, "Gendered projects of national identity formation: The Case of Turkey" 11 (11): 2009

30 Arat, Yeşim, "From Emancipation to Liberation: The Changing Role of Women in Turkey's Public Realm" 54 (54): 2000

31 Arat, Yeşim, "Feminists, Islamists, and Political Change in Turkey" 19 (19): 1998

32 Sirman, Nukhet, "Feminism in Turkey; A Short History" 3 (3): 1989

33 Jayawardena, Kumari, "Feminism and Nationalism in the Third World" Zed 1986

34 White, Jenny B, "End of Empire: Islam, Nationalism and Women in Turkey in Selection and editorial material Reina Lewis and Sara Mills" Edinburgh University Press Ltd 2003

35 Kandiyoti, Deniz, "End of Empire: Islam" Nationalism and Women in Turkey in Deniz 1991

36 Özcetin, Hilal, "Breaking the Silence" 11 (11): 2009

37 Kim, Seon-Ok, "A Study on Kemalism and Islamism: Focusing on Women's Issues in Turkey" Hankuk University of Foreign Studies 2002

38 Kramer, Heinz, "A Changing Turkey: the challenge to Europe and the United States" The Brookings Institution 2000

39 연규석, "20세기 중동을 움직인 인물: 터키공화국의 아버지" 한국외대 중동문제연구소 17 (17): 1998