승가 차법의 한국 사회에서의 몇 가지 문제점 = Several Problems of Samgha Antarayika Dhamma in Korean Society

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Regardless of any age and place, there is one thing that is shared among people. That is the fact that they live in a community such as a country, society, or organization. In order for such a community to be maintained and advanced, it is necessary for the members to observe the prescribed rules, while being faithful to undertaking each other`s duty. Samgha is not an exception as a community. Given that Samgha believes and practices the teachings of Buddha, it should continue and advance depending on respect and the Buddhist alms of Buddhist monks and followers; thus, it cannot help recognize the views of general society. As a result, it is obvious for Samgha to be prepared with legal qualifications, even from entering Samgha, in order to become an object of respect. If legal qualifications are not prepared, entering Samgha is not allowed. This is called antarayika dhamma. In other words, antarayika dhamma means certain grounds for disqualification by which one cannot be a member of Samgha. In a sense of open equality, which is the teaching of Buddha, antarayika dhamma may be seen as a deviation from this meaning; however, owing to the organization of Samgha, in correlation with a society, certain limitations were needed for the existence and maintenance of the organization. therefore, first, the aim of this paper is to discover the meaning of Samgha as a community, and to review the reasons for registering grounds for disqualification from among the members of Samhga for Gujokgye of a bigu (Buddhist priest) through all the Vinaya Pitaka, and to consider problems in its application to today`s society through multilateral perspectives on the reason for legislation of the occasions regarding grounds for restrictions about age, educational background, and human rights of the disabled, which may be the antarayika dhamma of the Jogye Order of Korean Buddhism. In conclusion, antarayika dhamma of Samgha was discovered to be legislated for the purpose of avoiding conflicts with general society. In this regard, it is found that antarayika dhamma is never an unchanging rule, but it was generated in relation to a society. That is, a new rule suited to today`s society is required in today`s society. In other words, antarayika dhamma is merely something legislated from the aspect of organizational operation, namely the operation of a monastic order. The path of enlightenment is open to all people. The operation of enlightenment may change in accordance with the social situation; however, the real worth of Buddhism, which is the path of enlightenment, never changes. As a result, it is hoped that the antarayika dhamma of Samgha will advance in a harmonious direction with Korean society through consideration of the application of the rules of today`s Korean society.

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