아동의 부모애착과 외로움의 관계에서 거부민감성의 매개효과 = The Mediating Effects of Rejection Sensitivity in the Relationships between Parent Attachment and Loneliness in Children

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구에서는 아동의 부모애착과 외로움의 관계에 있어서 거부민감성이 매개적 역할을 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 연구의 대상은 수도권에 위치한 초등학교 5, 6학년에 재학 중인 아동 520명이다. 수집된 자료는 SAS 8.2를 사용하여 상관분석과 단순회귀분석을 실시하였으며, 아동의 부모애착과 외로움의 관계에서 거부민감성의 매개 효과를 알아보기 위해 Baron과 Kenny(1986)가 제안한 매개효과 검증 절차를 사용하였다. 측정도구는 부모 및 또래 애착척도 개정본, 아동용 거부민감성 질문지와 아동의 외로움 및 사회불만족 질문지를 사용하였다. 본 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 아동의 부애착과 모애착 모두 외로움에 유의한 영향을 미치며, 아동이 부모와 애착이 높을수록 외로움을 적게 경험하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 아동의 부애착과 모애착 모두 거부민감성에 유의한 영향을 미치며, 아동이 부모와 애착이 높을수록 거부민감성을 적게 경험하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 아동이 거부민감성이 높을수록 외로움을 많이 경험하는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 아동의 부모애착과 외로움의 관계에서 거부민감성의 매개효과를 검증한 결과 부애착과 외로움의 관계에서 거부민감성의 부분매개효과가 나타났으며, 모애착과 외로움의 관계에서도 거부민감성의 부분매개효과가 나타났다. 이와 같이 본 연구를 통하여 아동의 부모애착과 외로움의 관계에서 거부민감성의 매개효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 양육자로서 어머니와 아버지 모두 중요한 역할을 하고 있음을 강조함과 동시에, 아동심리치료 시 인지적 접근과 부모-자녀 관계 증진을 위한 부모교육 프로그램을 통합적 접근이 필요함을 시사하고 있다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effects of rejection sensitivity on the relationships between parent attachment and loneliness in children. The participants consisted of 520 children in the 5th and 6th grade in elementary schools located in Seoul, Incheon, and Gyunggi. They completed a number of questionnaires; Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment-Revised(IPPA-R), The Children`s Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire(CRSQ), and Loneliness and Social Dissatisfaction Questionnaire. The data were analyzed by means of frequency analysis, Pearson`s correlation analysis and regression analysis by SAS 8.2 statistics program. In addition, Baron and Kenny`s (1986) model was used to verify any mediational effects. The results of this study were as follows: First, children`s father and mother attachment had significant effects on loneliness. Children were found to be less lonely when they felt high attachment levels to their parents. Second, children`s father and mother attachment had significant effects on rejection sensitivity. It was found that when children felt high attachment to the parents, they had low rejection sensitivity. Third, it was found that when children felt high rejection sensitibity, they felt more lonely. Fourth, as a result of verifying the mediating effects of rejection sensitivity on the relationships between parent attachment and loneliness in children, rejection sensitivity partially mediated the relationships between father and mother attachment and loneliness in children. Accordingly, parent attachment not only had a direct effect on loneliness but also had an effect on loneliness through rejection sensitivity. This study verified the mediating effect of rejection sensitivity on the relationship between parent attachment and loneliness in children. These finding were utilized for a discussion of integrated approaches of cognitive programs for child and educational programs for parents.

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