Thinking skills for the digital generation : the development of thinking and learning in the age of information

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• 1 Introduction to Thinking Skills for the Digital Generation = 1
• 1.1 Scope of the Work = 2
• 1.1.1 What Is the Main Message of This Book? = 3
• 1.1.2 How Is This Book Different? = 4
• 1.2 Thinking and Human Brain = 4
• 1.3 Thinking and Memory = 6
• 1.4 Book Content = 8
• 1.5 Significance = 10
• References = 10
• 2 The Digital Generation = 11
• 2.1 Defining the Digital Generation = 11
• 2.2 Technology and Media Use by Children 0-10 = 14
• 2.3 Technology and Media Use by Tweens and Teens = 16
• 2.4 Technology and Media Use by College Students = 18
• 2.5 Learning Preferences of Young People = 19
• 2.6 Guidelines for Technology Use = 22
• 2.7 Main Message = 23
• References = 23
• 3 What Is Thinking? = 25
• 3.1 Defining Thinking = 25
• 3.2 Types of Thinking = 28
• 3.2.1 Reflexive and Low-Level Analytical Thinking = 28
• 3.2.2 Reflective Thinking = 29
• 3.2.3 Critical Thinking = 29
• 3.2.4 Creative Thinking = 30
• 3.2.5 Convergent and Divergent Thinking = 31
• 3.2.6 Inductive and Deductive Thinking = 31
• 3.2.7 Concrete Thinking = 31
• 3.2.8 Abstract Thinking = 32
• 3.2.9 Analytical and Synthetic Thinking = 32
• 3.2.10 Connective and Substitutive Thinking = 32
• 3.2.11 Computational Thinking = 32
• 3.2.12 Systems Thinking = 33
• 3.2.13 Meditative Thinking = 33
• 3.3 Purpose of Thinking = 34
• 3.4 Main Message = 34
• References = 35
• 4 The Thinking Process = 37
• 4.1 Background on the Thinking Process = 37
• 4.2 Why We Need to Think on Our Own = 38
• 4.2.1 The Battle Over Our Minds = 38
• 4.2.2 The Influence of Media = 39
• 4.3 Steps in the Thinking Process = 39
• 4.4 Adjuncts to Thinking = 42
• 4.4.1 Listening Skills = 42
• 4.4.2 Language and Thinking = 45
• 4.5 Neurobiology of Thinking = 52
• 4.5.1 Default Network = 54
• 4.5.2 The Limbic System = 55
• 4.5.3 The Reward Circuitry = 57
• 4.5.4 Executive Functions = 57
• 4.6 Basic Modes of Thinking = 60
• 4.6.1 Perception and Response Process = 60
• 4.6.2 Pattern-Making Process = 60
• 4.6.3 Reflexive and Reflective Thinking Process = 61
• 4.6.4 System 1 Thinking Process = 61
• 4.6.5 System 2 Thinking Process = 62
• 4.6.6 Intuitive Thinking of Experts = 63
• 4.7 Main Message = 63
• References = 64
• 5 Sources of Information for Thinking = 67
• 5.1 Role of Information in Thinking : Why is Information Important? = 67
• 5.2 Locating Information : From Oral History, to Printing Press, to the Internet = 68
• 5.3 Information Seeking Models = 72
• 5.4 Information-Seeking Behavior = 75
• 5.5 Challenges in Navigating the Information Landscape = 79
• 5.6 Information Literacy : Thinking with Information = 82
• 5.7 Main Message = 86
• References = 86
• 6 Internet and Thinking = 89
• 6.1 Historical and Conceptual Perspectives on Cognition and Technology = 89
• 6.1.1 What Does It Mean to Be Smarter? = 91
• 6.2 Internet and Reading = 93
• 6.3 Internet and Attention = 97
• 6.4 Internet and Multitasking = 99
• 6.5 Internet and Decision-Making = 100
• 6.6 Main Message = 101
• References = 101
• 7 Sources of Errors in Thinking and How to Avoid Them = 105
• 7.1 Background to Errors in Thinking = 105
• 7.2 Perceptual Errors = 106
• 7.3 Errors Due to Desires and Emotions = 107
• 7.4 Prejudice and Superstition = 108
• 7.5 Evidence Bias Errors = 108
• 7.6 Errors Based on Evaluating Evidence for Claims = 109
• 7.7 Cognitive Errors = 111
• 7.8 Logical Errors = 113
• 7.9 Errors Based on Formal Education = 115
• 7.10 Errors in Thinking Related to Science = 116
• 7.11 Errors Based on Information and Media Sources = 117
• 7.12 Errors Due to Lack of Time = 118
• 7.13 Errors Due to Social Expectations and Pressure = 119
• 7.14 Other Impediments to Thinking = 119
• 7.15 Intellectual Traits Needed to Improve Thinking Skills = 120
• 7.16 Main Message = 121
• References = 121
• 8 Strategies and Tools for Learning to Think = 123
• 8.1 Learning to Think = 123
• 8.2 Thinking Strategies and Tools = 125
• 8.2.1 Questioning = 125
• 8.2.2 Collaborative Discussions = 126
• 8.2.3 Solving Authentic Problems = 128
• 8.2.4 Brain Training = 131
• 8.2.5 Engaging with Systems Thinking = 132
• 8.3 Memory Supports = 132
• 8.4 Media Literacy = 133
• 8.5 Thinking About Thinking = 137
• 8.6 Artificial Intelligence = 138
• 8.7 Main Message = 140
• References = 141
• 9 Summary and Future Directions = 145
• 9.1 Book Summary = 145
• 9.2 Strengths of Information Technology for Thinking = 146
• 9.3 Weaknesses of Information Technology for Thinking = 147
• 9.4 Future Directions = 148
• 9.5 Final Thoughts = 151
• References = 151
• Appendix : An Exercise in Thinking = 153
• Famous Quotes on Thinking = 157
• Selected Reading List／References／Websites = 163
• Conceptual Definitions = 169
• Technical Definitions = 173
• Index = 175