오에 켄자부로(大江健三郎) 문학 속의 ‘조선인’상 –『만엔 원년의 풋볼(万延元年のフットボール)』을 중심으로– = Studying on the Image of the Korean in the Novels of Oe Kenzaburo -in The Football of the First Year of Manen(万延元年のフットボール)-

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Minority is one of major themes embodied in the novels of Oe Kenzaburo (1935-), which treat the existential issue related to so-called “the incarcerated situation” and the disabled child after the defeat of the World War II. We observe “the Korean” often represented in the early periods of Oe’s literary works and this provides cases for us to study the minority. Examples are as follows: a confrontation and a compromise between a Korean boy and delinquent boys in Sweeping Child Hunting(「芽むしり仔撃ち」1958); mass protest rallies on the part of the Korean village residents including Mr.Kang(康さん) who is a friend of the protagonist in A Young Man Who Comes Late(「遅れてきた青年」1960); In Shouting Cry(「叫び声」1962), Kure Takao who claims his identity by murdering a Japanese high school girl and his father who is a Korean living on only garlics and wandering around the country.
Above all, The Football of the First Year of Manen(『万延元年のフットボール』1967) appears to make the strongest impression on the reader. In the novel, the story takes place in “the valley village(谷間の村)” located in Sikoku(四国) from the first year of Manen to 1960s. The stories of the family Nedokoro(根所) over 100 years are overlapped from the historical point of view. The issue of Korean residents in Japan and the relation between the Korean and the Japanese play an important role in developing the plot. A Korean resident in Japan characterized as “the Japanese emperor of the supermarket” seems to be an effective device for the author to emphasize powerlessness and misery the postwar Japanese feels.
Oe might not intend to negatively portray the Koreans in his early works, but we can assume that Oe uses the Korean characters to maximize distress and helplessness the Japanese have to experience when the Koreans reappear as big other whom they used to discriminate, marginalize and alienate by drafting and forcing labor.
Oe seems to recognize minority affected by his consciousness of humanism. It might be that his hatred of war and anti-war consciousness developed into a longing for democracy and humanism. This explains he was engrossed in reading Sartre’s Existenalism and humanism influenced by his mentor Watanabe Kazuo(渡辺一夫) when he was graduating from the college.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 柴田勝二, "＜作家＞とめぐる冒険" 新曜社 171-198, 2004

2 최재철, "일본의 ‘부락문제 문학’ 연구" 한국일본학회 (58) : 343-358, 2004

3 최재철, "일본문학의 특수성과 국제성-카와바타(川端)와 오오에(大江)문학을 중심으로-" 한국일어일문학회 36 : 227-245, 1999

4 최재철, "일본문학의 이해" 민음사 362-363, 1995

5 渡辺広士, "오오에 켄자부로오" 전주대학교출판부 113-, 1997

6 조미경, "오에 켄자부로(大江健三郎)의 <타자> 표상 - 『만엔원년의 풋볼』(万延元年のフットボール)에서의 재일조선인 표상을 중심으로" 동아시아일본학회 7 : 446-451, 2002

7 서은혜, "오에 겐자부로의 초기작에 나타난 문제의식－『울부짖는 소리(叫び聲)』를 중심으로－" 한국일본어문학회 (13) : 127-148, 2002

8 고영자, "오에 겐자부로 문학에 나타나는 한국인상(像) - 『아이 싹 훑기』를 중심 으로" 전남대학교 인문과학연구소 27 : 31-56, 1998

9 유승창, "오에 겐자부로 문학과 민속학의 異人" 한국일본어문학회 1 (1): 293-312, 2007

10 최유찬, "소수집단과 소수문학" 월인 327-347, 2005

11 "서울신문"

12 오에 켄자부로, "만연원년의 풋볼" 고려원 2006

13 笠井潔, "球体と亀裂" 情況出版 1-348, 1995

14 大江健三郎, "現代日本のユマニスト渡辺一夫を読む" 岩波書店 1-242, 1984

15 小森陽一, "歴史認識と小説ー大江健三郎論" 講談社 1-310, 2002

16 大江健三郎, "小説の方法" 岩波書店 194-217, 1978

17 片岡啓治, "大江健三郎論ー精神の地獄をゆく者" 立風書房 1-267, 1973

18 クラウプロトック　ウォララック, "大江健三郎論-｢狂気｣と｢救済｣を軸にして-" 専修大学出版局 80-105, 2007

19 蘇明仙, "大江健三郎論-＜神話形成＞の文学世界と歴史認識-" 花書院 42-, 2006

20 黒古一夫, "大江健三郎論-森の思想と生き方の原理-" 彩流社 27-25, 1994

21 홍진희, "大江健三郎研究" 제이앤씨 80-104, 2005

22 安藤始, "大江健三郎の文学" おうふう 1-382, 2006

23 狩谷直志, "大江健三郎『万延元年のフットボール』論-蜜三郎の出発の内室-" 関西学院大学 54 (54): 75-92, 2003

24 大江健三郎, "大江健三郎 再発見" 集英社 121-, 2001

25 渡辺広士, "大江健三郎" 審美社 98-109, 1995

26 大岡信, "大江健三郎" 小学館 88-, 1992

27 原尻英樹, "在日としてのコリアン" 講談社 39-74, 1998

28 伊豆利彦, "国文学　解釈と教材の研究" 学灯社 138-143, 1971

29 野口武彦, "吠え声・叫び声・沈黙ー大江健三郎の世界" 新潮社 19-, 1971

30 黒古一夫, "作家はこのようにして生まれ、大きくなったー大江健三郎伝説" 河出書房新社 194-, 2003

31 大江健三郎, "万延元年のフットボール" 新潮社 1 : 1-283, 1994

32 張文穎, "トポスの呪力" 専修大学出版局 80-105, 2002

33 文藝硏究プロジェ, "よくわかる大江健三郞" ジャパン·ミックス 104-112, 1994