지리산 중산리계곡 관속식물의 고도별 온도구배에 따른 수직 분포 = Vertical Distribution of Vascular Plants in Jungsanri, Mt. Jiri by Temperature Gradient

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In order to investigate vertical plant distribution on Jungsanri of Mt. Jirisan by temperature change, vascular plants of fourteen areas with 100-meter-high difference were surveyed from the Jungsan bridge(348 m alt.) to the Jangteumog(1653 m alt.). A total of 440 taxa belonging to 104 families, 287 genera, 385 species, 7 subspecies, 42 varieties, and 6 forma were vegetated on survey areas. Around 700 m high did species diversity of vascular plants decrease rapidly, but foreign species were not found. The Detrended correspondence analysis(DCA) divided distribution of vascular plants into five groups; areas below 500m alt., 500~600m alt., 600~1000m alt., 1000~1200m alt., and areas above 1200m alt.. These results showed that vegetation of vascular plants on investigated areas has high correlation with climate elements of temperature. Vascular plants should be crowded within their own optimal ranges of vegetation. Climate change would result in shift of these distribution ranges, and thus vegetation shift will be happened accordingly.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

지리산 중산리지역의 고도별 온도변화에 따른 관속식물의 수직분포 및 분포 변화를 파악하기 위해 중산교(348m)에서 장터목(1,653m)까지 해발 100m단위로 등분하여 14개 구간에 대한 식물목록을 작성하였다. 2009년 4월부터 10월까지 조사한 결과 관속식물은 104과 287속 385종 7아종 42변종 6품종 총 440분류군으로 조사되었다. 해발 700m(WI=79.5℃·month)를 경계로 관속식물의 출현종 수가 급격히 감소함과 동시에 귀화식물은 관찰되지 않았다. DCA방법에 의한 구간 간의 식물종 분포의 유사도는 고도에 따른 온도변화와 높은 상관관계를 나타내는 제1축(Eig.=0.76)에 대하여 해발 500m(WI=89), 700m(WI=80), 900m(WI=71), 1,200m(WI=60)를 경계로 5개 그룹으로 구분되어 배열되었다. 한편, 해발 1,200m 이상의 고해발 지역에서는 제2축(Eig.=0.25)에 대하여 해발 1,500m, 1,600m를 경계로 구분되어 배열되었다. 따라서 고도에 따라 구간 간 관속식물 분포의 유사성 및 상이성을 확인함으로써, 관속식물 종들의 고도별 생존 분포 양상을 파악할 수 있었다. 이와 같이 식물종의 분포가 변화하는 것은 온도에 직접적인 영향을 받고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 식물종은 생육지역의 온도에 따라 생존에 필수적인 호적범위 내에서 분포하므로 지구온난화로 인한 기온상승은 현재 식물종의 분포범위를 변경시킬 것으로 예상된다.

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