시간에 따른 자아존중감 변화에 대한 중고등학생 비교: 잠재 상태-특성 모형 분석 = Self-esteem Change in Adolescents: Latent State-Trait Model

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to explore the degree to which individual differences on self-esteem change in adolescents depended on trait effects versus situation-specific effects. 750 students from middle and high school completed Rosenberg self-esteem scale three times across 3 months intervals and data from 710 students was analyzed by a latent state-trait model. As the result, 55% of self-esteem in middle school students was explained by a trait factor and 45% of self-esteem was by a situation-specific factor. In case of high school students, 68% of self-esteem was explained by a trait factor and 32% of self-esteem was by a situation-specific factor. These results indicate that middle school students tend to experience more fluctuation in their self-esteem than high school students. Clinical implications with regard to the current findings are discussed.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 자아존중감 수준이 가장 쉽게 변할 수 있는 시기인 청소년을 대상으로 기질적 요소와 상황-특수적 요인이 자아존중감의 변화를 어느 정도 설명하는지 살펴보고, 중고등학생 간 차이를 비교하는데 있다. 이를 위해 수도권 학교에 재학 중인 중고등학생 750명에게 Rosenberg 자아존중감 척도를 3개월 간격으로 3차례에 걸쳐 배포하고, 이 중 710명의 자료를 잠재 상태-특성 모형을 적용하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 중학생의 자아존중감은 기질적 특성에 의하여 약 55%가 설명되고, 나머지 45%는 상황-특수적인 원인에 의하여 설명되는 것으로 나타났다. 반면에 고등학생의 자아존중감은 기질적인 성향에 의해 약 68%, 나머지 32%는 상황-특수적인 요인에 의해 설명되는 것으로 나타났다. 두 집단을 비교했을 때 고등학생들의 자아존중감이 기질적인 성향에 의하여 설명되는 정도가 중학생들에 비하여 적게는 5.3%에서 많게는 10.6% 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 학교급에 따른 차이를 다집단 분석을 통해 검증한 결과 그 차이가 통계적으로 유의함을 확인하였다. 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 연구의 의의 및 상담에 주는 시사점을 논의하였다.

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