This study is a qualitative case study of group art therapy for self-care in
middle adulthood. It seeks to understand how adults in middle adulthood experience
group art therapy and how their self-care experiences evolve throughout the
therapeutic ...
This study is a qualitative case study of group art therapy for self-care in
middle adulthood. It seeks to understand how adults in middle adulthood experience
group art therapy and how their self-care experiences evolve throughout the
therapeutic process. The participants consisted of six middle-aged adults (two men
and four women), aged 40 to 59, residing in the Seoul metropolitan area of South
Korea, all of whom reported experiencing emotional burnout in daily life and
expressed a desire for recovery and self-reflection. The group art therapy program
was conducted from January 10 to March 30, 2024, over a total of 16 sessions
held one to two times per week, with each session lasting 60–70 minutes in private
and distraction-free therapeutic setting. Data were collected through session video
recordings, verbatim transcripts, observation notes, photographs of artworks, and
self-journals. These materials, along with participants’ statements and therapeutic
activities, were used to analyze therapeutic experiences from group art therapy for
self-care. Four major themes emerged from the observed experiences of the
participants.
First, group art therapy provided a psychologically safe space that enabled
participants to explore suppressed aspects of the self through free self-expression,
fostering self-understanding and acceptance. Second, an integrative approach
combining diverse art media and multisensory-based techniques allowed participants
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to
symbolically express previously restrained emotions and unfulfilled needs,
facilitating the safe release of unresolved emotions and the restoration of positive
attitude. Third, participants developed a deeper understanding of others and
recognized the universality of their own struggles through mutual listening and
emotional support within the group. Fourth, group art therapy functioned as a
psychological experimentation, in which participants reinterpreted their own
experiences, and helped them develop self-growth attitude through restored
self-respect, satisfaction in life and hope.
This study is significant in that it explores group art therapy as a
psychotherapeutic
approach
that
promotes self-care in middle adulthood
multidimensionally. Participants expanded core elements of self-care—including
self-expression,
self-awareness,
emotional regulation, relational recovery, and
self-respect—through engagement with diverse art media and integrative techniques,
thereby internalizing self-care as an everyday practice. Furthermore, this study goes
beyond the limitations of previous research, which focused primarily on
caregivers such as counselors and teachers, by exploring the interactions within a
mixed-gender group of middle-aged adults. It demonstrated how gender differences
in emotional expression and relational orientation enrich group dynamics and foster
social dimensions of self-care learning. Finally, the findings underscore the
importance of the therapist’s empathic and reflective interventions as a
psychological secure base that supports meaning-making and emotional exploration
in
group art therapy for middle-aged adults. Furthermore, considering the
characteristics prominent in the middle-aged group, such as emotional suppression,
self-criticism, and others-centeredness, this study is significant in that it suggests
that therapist's empathetic and reflective interventions provide psychological secure
base and are a key factor in helping with the pursuit of meaning