한파노출과 치매위험: 지역 기반 인구집단을 활용한 체계적 문헌고찰 = Cold Waves and Dementia Risk: A Systematic Review of Region-wide Population Evidence

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Cold waves have emerged as an extreme weather phenomenon and a significant environmental factor triggering dementia in older adults. However, most existing research has centered on clinical cohorts of specific hospital patients, limiting objective analysis of regional differences in the impact of cold waves on dementia incidence. This study offers a structured review focused on region-wide population-based studies appearing in the literature since 2016. Following PRISMA guidelines, a Web of Science search yielded eight region-wide studies from SCIE and SSCI-indexed journals, each with sample sizes of 4,000 or more participants. Evidence from eight studies indicates that cold wave exposure is associated with elevated dementia risk, with the most consistent effects seen in older adults (aged ≥ 65 years) and in communities with inadequate heating infrastructure. Although restriction to SCIE and SSCI-indexed journals may limit full coverage, the findings from region-wide population studies provide a methodologically rigorous foundation for future comparative and longitudinal research.