우리나라 사업용 화물차 운전자의 최소 휴게시간 준수와 위험운전행동 변화 = Compliance with Minimum Break Requirement and Changes in Risky Driving Behavior among Commercial Truck Drivers under a Break-Only Regime

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Korea’s freight sector lacks daily caps on driving and on-duty hours and does not guarantee a minimum daily rest period; consequently, a minimum break requirement after continuous driving (a ≥15-minute break after ≥2 hours of continuous driving) functions as the sole time regulation. Using a driver survey (2022) and Digital Tachograph (DTG)-based risky driving behavior data (2019 and 2021), this study examines commercial truck drivers’ compliance with the minimum break rule, factors associated with non-compliance, and pre/post changes in risky driving behaviors on matched road links. The mean maximum continuous driving time was 2.3 hours and the mean break time was 15.4 minutes, yet the non-compliance rate among trips subject to the rule (continuous driving ≥2 hours) was 52.3%. Logistic regression results indicate that longer trip distance (OR = 1.145) and platform-based freight acquisition (OR = 2.569) were associated with higher odds of non-compliance, whereas tanker operations were associated with lower odds (OR = 0.293). Individual characteristics such as age and driving experience were not significant, and these patterns remained in models estimated for cargo types not covered by the Safe Freight Rate. In DTG-based PPML models, total risky driving behaviors were 7.45% lower in the post period (IRR = 0.925), with larger reductions in braking-related behaviors and in high-speed driving environments. Similar patterns persisted in sensitivity analyses excluding links with large exposure changes. These findings document compliance gaps and link-level behavioral changes under a break-only regime, supporting efforts to improve feasible stopping/break conditions, strengthen monitoring and enforcement, and inform discussions on comprehensive hours-of-service (HOS) regulations.