현대 여성의 새로운 히스테리, 거식증: 여성의 몸과 욕망 = Modern Female Hysteria, Anorexia: Female Body and Desire

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper aims to explore how the emaciated body of the anorectic presents itself as a caricature of the contemporary ideal of hyper-slenderness for women, an ideal that has become the cultural norm for women today. First, this paper points out how anorexia can be described as the twentieth-century version of hysteria. This paper focuses on the characteristics of anorexia from psychoanalytic perspectives. Further, this paper examines how anorexia may provide a paradigm of one way in which potential resistance is not merely undercut but utilized in the maintenance and reproduction of existing power relations. Susie Orbach interprets anorexia as a species of unconscious feminist protest in a most articulate and forceful way. The anorectic is engaged in a hunger strike, as Orbach calls it, stressing that this is a political discourse. Susan Bordo similarly argues that the anorectic is unaware that she is making a political statement. Through embodied rather than deliberate demonstration, she exposes and indicts those ideals, precisely by pursuing them to the point at which their destructive potential is revealed for all to see. Finally, while many feminist theorists read anorexia as protest or resistance against patriarchal power, this paper analyzes the problems of such feminist theoretical arguments, defending Sandra Lee Bartky`s notion of anorexia. Bartky analyzes how the anorectic becomes, just as surely as the inmate of the Foucauldian Panopticon, a self-policing subject, committed to a relentless self-surveillance. This self-surveillance is a form of obedience to patriarchy, conforming to the cultural messages that we inscribe upon our own bodies.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 이명호, "히스테리적 육체, 몸으로 글쓰기 in: 여성의 몸: 시각, 쟁점, 역사" 창비 328-363, 2005

2 다이언 헌터, "히스테리, 정신분석, 페미니즘: 안나의 사례 in: 여성의 몸, 어떻게 읽을 것인가?" 한울 143-167, 2001

3 크리스티나 폰 브라운, "히스테리" 여이연 2003

4 미셸 푸코, "성의 역사 1권" 나남 1996

5 발트라우트 포슈, "몸 숭배와 광기" 여성신문사 2001

6 조현순, "거식증과 우울증의 정치학: 푸꼬, 부르도, 버틀러를 중심으로 in: 여성의 몸: 시각, 쟁점, 역사" 창비 388-422, 2005

7 미셸 푸코, "감시와 처벌" 나남 2003

8 Grosz, Elizabeth, "Volatile Bodies: Toward a Corporeal Feminism" Indiana UP 1994

9 Bordo, Susan, "Unbearable Weight: Feminism, Western Cultureand the Body" U of California P 1995

10 Chernin, Kim, "The Obsession: Reflections on the Tyranny of Slanderness" Harper & Row 1981

11 Chernin, Kim, "The Hungry Self: Women, Eating, and Identity" Harper & Row 1985

12 Wolf, Naomi, "The Beauty Myth: How Images of Beauty Are Used Against Women" Harper Perennial 1991

13 Lawrence, Marilyn, "The Anorexic Experience" The Women's Press 1984

14 Kahane, Claire, "Passions of the Voice; Hysteria, Narrative, and the Figure of the Speaking Woman, 1850-1915" Johns Hopkins UP 1995

15 Mitchell, Juliet, "Mad Men and Medusas: Reclaiming Hysteria" Basic Books 2000

16 Showalter, Elaine, "Hystories: Hysterical Epidemics and Modern Media" Columbia UP 1987

17 Obach, Susie, "Hunger Strike: The Anorectic's Struggle as a Metaphor for Our Age" Norton 1986

18 Butler, Judith, "Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity" Routledge 1990

19 Bartky, Sandra Lee, "Foucault, Femininity, and the Modernization of Patriarchal Power in: Feminism and Foucault" Northeastern UP 1988

20 Brumsberg, Joan Jacobs, "Fasting Girls: The Emergence of Anorexia Nervosa as a Modern Disease" Harvard UP 1988