개인 심리적 요인, 환경적 요인이 집단 따돌림에 미치는 영향 = The effects of individual psychological factors and environmental factors on bullying among early adolescents

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of personal factors(gender, aggression, social immature) and environmental factors(maternal psychological control, peer social support) on bullying among early adolescents. A total of 252 youths(11-14 years of age) and their parents were recruited from elementary and middle schools. Results indicate that bullying victimization can be predicted from maternal psychological control, gender, social immature, and peer social support. Bullying perpetration can be predicted from gender, aggression, and maternal psychological control.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 집단 따돌림 피해 및 가해에 미치는 개인 심리적 요인(성별, 공격성, 사회적 미성숙)과 환경적 요인(어머니의 심리적 통제, 또래의 사회적 지지)의 영향력을 분석하고자 하는 것이다. 본 연구의 대상은 252명의 초기 청소년(초등5-중2)과 그들이 부모이다. 결과는 집단 따돌림 피해는 어머니의 심리적 통제, 성별, 사회적 미성숙과 또래의 사회적 지지에 의해 영향을 받는다고 지적한다. 또한, 집단 따돌림 가해는 성별, 공격성, 그리고 어머니의 심리적 통제에 의해서 예측되어진다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 곽금주, "한국의 왕따와 예방프로그램" 한국문화및사회문제심리학회 14 : 255-272, 2008

2 이영선, "청소년의 개인적 변인, 가족 및 학교환경 변인이 또래공격피해에 미치는 영향" 한국생활과학회 13 (13): 659-672, 2004

3 권재기, "집단따돌림 피해경험의 발달양상과 내면화⋅외현화 문제행동의 변화 －잠재계층 성장분석(LCGA)⋅다집단 성장혼합모형(GMM)을 이용한 종단연구－" 한국아동복지학회 (34) : 95-126, 2011

4 박진영, "집단 따돌림 피해 및 가해 아동의 관련 변인 분석 - 부모의 양육 행동과 아동의 의사소통능력, 문제해결능력을 중심으로 -" 한국심리학회 30 (30): 45-67, 2011

5 김연화, "아동의 사회적 지위에 따른 또래괴롭힘의 참여행동과 친구관계" 대한가정학회 51 (51): 187-193, 2013

6 김지미, "부모의 심리적 통제와 아동의 도덕적 이탈이 또래괴롭힘 참여자 역할행동에 미치는 영향" 한국아동학회 34 (34): 13-29, 2013

7 강인설, "남녀 아동의 또래 괴롭힘의 가해와 피해에 또래관계, 우울 및 공격성이 미치는 영향" 대한가정학회 52 (52): 213-228, 2014

8 Roman, N. V., "Young South African adults' perception of parental psychological control and antisocial behavior" 40 (40): 1163-1174, 2012

9 Burton, K. A., "The role of peer attachment and normative beliefs about aggression on traditional bullying and cyberbullying" 50 (50): 103-115, 2013

10 Hodges, E. V. E, "The power of friendship : Protection against in escalating cycle of peer victimization" 35 (35): 94-101, 1999

11 Wijsbroek, S. A. M., "The direction of effects between perceived parental behavioral control and psychological control and adolescents’self-reported GAD and SAD symptoms" 20 : 361-371, 2011

12 Do, G. B., "The Interaction effects between factors in ecology system and aggression affecting school violence" 10 (10): 73-92, 2008

13 Perren, S., "Self- and other-oriented social skills: Differential associations with children’s mental health and bullying roles" 4 (4): 99-123, 2012

14 Kowalski, R. M., "Psychological, physical, and academic correlates of cyberbullying and traditional bullying" 53 : S13-S120, 2013

15 Cook, C. R., "Predictors of bullying and victimization in childhood and adolescence : A meta-analytic investigation" 25 (25): 65-83, 2010

16 Hodges, E. V. E., "Personal and interpersonal antecedents and consequences of victimization by peers" 76 : 677-685, 1999

17 Ma, T., "Peer victimization and parental psychological control in adolescence" 40 : 413-424, 2012

18 Son, E., "Peer victimization among young children with disabilities : Early risk and protective factors" 80 (80): 368-384, 2014

19 Barber, B. K., "Parental support, psychological control, and behavioral control : Assessing relevance across time, culture, and method" 70 : 1-137, 2005

20 Barber, B. K., "Parental psychological control: Revisiting a neglected construct" 67 : 3296-3319, 1996

21 Li, D., "Parental behavioral control, psychological control and Chinese adolescents’ peer victimization : The mediating role of self-control" 24 : 628-637, 2015

22 Murray, K. W., "Parent-child relationships, parental psychological control, and aggression: Maternal and paternal relationships" 43 : 1361-1373, 2014

23 Wachs, S., "Moral disengagement and emotional and social difficulties in bullying and cyberbullying: differences by participant role" 17 (17): 347-360, 2012

24 Duong, M. T., "Mediators and moderators in the link between maternal psychological control and peer victimization for Hong Kong Chinese boys" University of Southern California 2007

25 Achenbach, T. M., "Manual for the ASEBA school-age forms and profiles"

26 Hemphill, S. A., "Longitudinal predictors of cyber and traditional bullying perpetration in Australian secondary school students" 51 : 59-65, 2012

27 Oh, K. J., "K-Children Behavior Checklist" Huno Consulting 2011

28 Baek, M. S., "Impact of maternal psychological control on cyberbullying among early adolescents: Focused on the mediating effects of relational aggression" Sangmyung University 2014

29 Urdan, T., "Early Adolescence : A Review of the Literature" The U. S. Department of Education Office of Educational Research and Improvement 1999

30 Yang, S. J., "Differences in predictors of traditional and cyber-bullying : A 2-year longitudinal study in Korean school children" 22 : 309-318, 2013

31 Bonanno, R. A., "Cyber bullying and internalizing difficulties : Above and beyond the impact of traditional forms of bullying" 42 : 685-697, 2013

32 Nolten, P. W., "Conceptualization and measurement of social support: The development of the social support scale" University of Wisconsin 1994

33 Orpinas, P., "Bullying prevention: Creating a positive school climate and developing social competence" American Psychological Association 2006

34 Swearer, S. M., "Bullying prevention and intervention : Realistic strategies for schools" Guilford 2009

35 Gini, G., "Association between bullying and psychosomatic problems : A meta-analysis" 123 (123): 1059-1065, 2009

36 Austin, S., "Assessment of bully/victim problems in 8 to 11 year- olds" 66 : 447-456, 1996

37 Olweus, D., "Aggressive behavior: Current perspectives" Plenum Press 97-103, 1994

38 Chang, Y. O., "Adolescent personality, Confucianvalue, parenting typologies and adolescent behavioral outcomes: A study in South Korea" Syracuse University 2013

39 Ministry of Education., "2014 The actual condition of school violence"