The purpose of this study is to research the effect of the music therapy program using improvisation. The program aimed to relieve participants' perfectionistic thoughts and the musical performance anxiety. The participants of the study are constitute...
The purpose of this study is to research the effect of the music therapy program using improvisation. The program aimed to relieve participants' perfectionistic thoughts and the musical performance anxiety. The participants of the study are constituted of 6 undergraduate and graduate students who have experienced the perfectionistic thoughts and the musical performance anxiety. The music therapy programs were performed once a week for 10 weeks and each session took 90 minutes. The means of measurement used are Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale(MPS) by Hewitt & Flett, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI Y form) by Spielberger, and Stage Performance Anxiety Scale(SPAS) by Pyo Nae Sook, Kim Jung Suk, and Pyo Jong Hyun. Those tests were performed before and after the music therapy program. The result of Wilcoxon test shows that the music therapy program using improvisation has a significant effect on the decrease of the self-oriented and other-oriented perfectionistic thoughts, the trait anxiety, the state anxiety, and the musical performance anxiety(p< .05). It means that the music therapy program using improvisation is effective way to relieve the perfectionistic thoughts and the musical performance anxiety.
Also, the study verified the processes of the participants using the grounded theory approach and tried to develop the substantive theory. The qualitative data were collected by the linguistic data of each session and the case interviews. The study contains the analysis of collected data using a grounded theory approach by Strauss and Corbin(1998). The result of the analysis is divided by 42 concepts, 21 subcategories, and 10 categories. The processes of the participants shows that the core phenomenon which means 'the desire of the comfortable and satisfactory playing' was influenced by the causal condition which means 'the unavoidable uneasiness on the stage', the situational condition which means 'the understanding of playing ability' and the contextual conditions which means the recognition of the situation. The participants used strategies through the process including 'the adjustment of the system of thoughts' and 'the adjustment of the relationship between music and themselves'. It is called 'understanding and admission of anxiety'. The process has 4 time-series steps. First, the recognition of anxiety. Second, the search of causes. Third, the reestablishment of the relationship with music. Fourth, the admission of the anxiety. There are 3 types of 'understanding and admission of anxiety'. First, Positive-leading types. Second, Passive-searching types. Third, Negative-acceptance types.
These results reveal the process of understanding of participants' musical performance anxiety and propose the proper way of music therapy program. Also, it focused on the development and application of actual music therapy program. Finally, the study includes meanings, limitations, and further suggestions of music therapy.