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다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The following article proposes to understand from a fresh perspective the historical process of state formation in late medieval and early modern Germany. Equating the history of state formation with that of modern state building, most studies on this topic by political scientists have focused on the case of Prussia which successfully constructed and consolidated centralized state institutions. Yet we now need to pay close attention to the Holy Roman Empire which, covering the whole Germany, included Prussia as one of its subordinate political entities. Such reorientation might be of great help in shedding light on those contemporary states that are now in the midst of some fundamental transformations. One of the most important reasons why the Empire, located at the centre of the European Continent and composed of nearly 300 autonomous political entities, has elicited so little attention among political scientists and other historically-oriented social scientists lies in the fact that the existing approaches to state formation have largely been Darwinian functionalist and argued for the ubiquity of the biological axiom of survival of the fittest. This article suggests an alternative approach: the theory of path dependence with its emphasis on contingency in institutional selection and on the stickiness (or inertia) of once-selected institutions. With its help, we can understand more clearly how the Empire, in the face of unprecedentedly large-scale warfare of considerable duration, underwent the process of institutionalization and, despite its relative lack of military efficiency, managed to preserve for nearly three hundred years, its political and territorial identities which often turned very fragile. The Holy Roman Empire, together with a few other similarly organized European states, might best be called federative state.

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참고문헌 (Reference)

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