An 830 nm Laser Treatment improves Mobility and ADHD-like Behaviors in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Mouse Model = 830 nm 저출력 레이저 조사에 의한 태아 알코올 스펙트럼 장애 동물 모델의 운동성 및 과잉행동장애 유사 행동장애 개선 효과

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a syndrome that occurs when a pregnant mother consumes alcohol. FASD occurs in a patient who is exposed to alcohol during the fetal period and also has various symptoms similar to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), including developmental disorders, cognitive decline, and excessive behavior. Alcohol consumption during pregnancy leads to critical damage to the fetus, and there is still unknown treatment for FASD. Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a treatment for a wide range of neurological and psychological disorders using red or near-infrared light PBM has a potential to modulate neurotransmitters such as dopamine transporter (DAT) or norepinephrine transporter (NET). In our study, we confirmed the behavioral and histological changes after 830 nm laser irradiation in the FASD mouse model. We analyzed cognitive function and locomotor activity using Y-maze and open field test. Behavioral tests indicated that FASD mice showed various cognitive dysfunctions, including memory deficit, high anxiety, hyperactivity, and damaged locomotor activity. On the other hand, PBM irradiation attenuated these various cognitive dysfunctions in FASD mice. Our histological results show that the FASD model exhibits elevated DAT levels in the striatum, and PBM treatment effectively reduces DAT expression in the striatum. This suggests that 830 nm laser ameliorates behavioral dysfunctions in the FASD model and these changes are associated with reducing abnormal dopamine and norepinephrine transporters after irradiation of PBM in the striatum.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Abstract · ⅰ
• List of Figures · ⅴ
• Ⅰ. Introduction 1
• Ⅱ. Materials and Methods 4
• 2.1 Animals · 4
• 2.2 FASD animal model · 4
• 2.3 Animal behavioral assessments · 4
• 2.4 830 nm laser irradiation · 8
• 2.5 Immunofluorescence staining 8
• 2.6 Western blot 9
• 2.7 Data analysis · 9
• Ⅲ. Results 11
• 3.1 Developmental differences between pups exposed to alcohol during pregnancy
• and control group 11
• 3.2 Differences in cognitive function and effect of 830 nm laser in FASD model 15
• 3.3 Effects of anxiety, hyperactivity, locomotor activity and 830 nm laser on FASD
• model · 17
• 3.4 Effects of 830 nm laser on DAT expression in FASD model 21
• 3.5 Effects of 830 nm laser on NET expression in FASD model 24
• 3.6 Effects of 830 nm laser on MAP2 expression in FASD model 26
• 3.7 Effects of 830 nm laser on GFAP expression in FASD model 29
• Ⅳ. Discussion· 32
• References 35
• Summary in Korean 44