유아용 창의성 측정도구에 관한 고찰 = Early Childhood Creative Measurement : Review and Suggestions

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Currently there are pressing social and academic demands for creativity tests for preschoolers, yet it is difficult to find any such measurements with psychometrically sound properties for this age group. In preparation for the development of a new creativity measurement suitable for Korean children, this paper, first reviews the merits and shortcomings of existing tests and second, provides suggestions for prospective test designers based on these findings. Existing creativity tests for young children can be grouped into 3 different categories: cognition-perception test, personality test and product test. Tests for measuring creative cognition are represented by `Divergent Thinking` based on Guilford`s theory and are the most frequently used type. The other two types include creative personality tests which consist of items identified by research as characteristic of individuals whose work has labeled them as creative. In considering the natural immaturity of the language development of preschoolers, it should be especially emphasized that when these personality tests are used to identify creative preschoolers, information must be transformed from lists or questionnaires filled out by parents. Creative product evaluation method is a new alternative for measuring creativity directly simply by examining final products. This method can be used for different age groups and domains. Suggestions for constructing a new creativity test are summarized as follows. First, new tests should consider developmental levels and characteristics of children. Second, the tests should be domain oriented. Third, the unique characteristics of Korean culture should be considered. Fourth, multiple tests measuring various dimensions of creative abilities should be preferred to a test emphasizing any single dimension.