일본의 노동위원회 제도와 최근의 동향 = Labor Relations Commissions in Japan : System and Reformation

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Labor Relations Commissions(LMCs) have long been working as a way of settling down collective labor disputes. LMC need less time and cost compared with court, aiming at fast recovery of unstable labor relations.
However, lower organizational rate makes them ask themselves what they should do. There are no more strong unions, no more strikes. Collective bargaining is mainly used as a means of helping individual employee by regional unions, at least not enterprise unions. On the contrary, situations of individual employment disputes are getting worse. Consequently, LMC are right on their time to think of their future.
This is actually not a new agenda. They have been seeking for new roles, especially concerning roles of individual dispute settling. Conciliation by LMC are a current way of ADR, but not that popular compared with Conciliation by Labour Bureau or Labor Dispute Adjudication.
There are also new trends about the scope of an employeeby prefecture LMCs, which permit franchisees to be qualified to have collective bargaining with the frachisor. This starts from the precondition that franchisees can be employees by the Labor Union Act. Searching for the details of the streams surrounding a series of cases and waiting for the result of convenience stores’on-going cases, we can think of new roles of LMCs in the course of collective labor disputes.
Climate surrounding labor market in Korea is not so different from that of Japan. And we have stronger LMC, including the power of decision about unjust dismissal and discrimination. Is it just another pre-session before we start a real judicial procedure or is it a efficient way to settle down labor dispute? Is unfair labor practice system really aiming at making peaceful labor relations or is it a way to remedy for rights? At least we can get some inspirations and suggestions from experiences of Japan.

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