육아가구 부모의 자녀돌봄과 일상 속 정서: 직접돌봄시간과 자녀와 함께한 시간의 비교 = Not All Care is Equal: How Direct Care and Shared Time Differently Shape Parental Daily Mood

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

How parents spend their time profoundly may shape their well-being. This study compared the time allocation patterns of parents rasing young children to those adults without children and explored the relationship between parental time use and their daily mood. For the analysis, time diary data from the 2019 Korean Time Use Survey were extracted for parents in households with children and adults in childless households. The results showed that respondents in households with children had shorter regenerating time, longer committed time, and shorter freetime compared to adults in childless households. Second, when comparing the time use characteristics of fathers and mothers in households with children, fathers spent more time on paid work and freetime activities, but less time on housework and total childcare than mothers. When childcare time was divided into direct care and time spent together with children, fathers spent less time on direct childcare than mothers, but there was almost no difference between fathers and mothers in time spent together with their children. Third, using a multilevel model to examine the associations between time-related variables and parents’ daily mood, more time spent on paidwork hours, housework hours, and direct childcare were associated with worse mood. However, more time spent together with children was significantly associated with better mood for both mothers and fathers. Moreover, parents’ pure freetime—excluding the leisure time spent together with children—was not significantly related to their daily mood.