This paper considers the introduction of a private insurance as a way of securing the flexibility of pension schemes using the multi-pillar old-age income guarantee systems.
First of all, based on the dual structure of basic and the income related pe...
This paper considers the introduction of a private insurance as a way of securing the flexibility of pension schemes using the multi-pillar old-age income guarantee systems.
First of all, based on the dual structure of basic and the income related pensions, defined benefit basic pension scheme should be introduced in a way that can include the functions of intra- and inter-generations redistributions. Second, income related pensions should be operated based on the Notional Defined Contribution (NDC) that have a balance in actuarial mathematics to handle the political risks and to keep equity between generations. The government as an operating body of the pension scheme can prevent effectively the redundant investment(which can occur when private institutions operate the pension scheme), operate the system more efficiently by distributing the risks and preventing adverse selections.
Third, the right in the individual, independent pension should be guaranteed based on the policy of 'one pension for one person'.
When under the premise of full employment, full-time works, and nuclear family, it fails to reflect the changes in the social environments, and some people could be excluded by the scheme. Preventing this phenomenon, the pension scheme may be able to have institutional flexibility that can achieve easy transformation under the possible situations of north-south reunification, discontinuation of ageing, and other changes in the environments.
Finally, social and private insurances should be related so that they can be developed into the complementary relationship for the old-age income guarantees, by improving the laws and institutions related with the field of private insurance, such as corporate pensions or individual retirement accounts.