수출산업과 기술습득의 공진화 : 1960-70년대 한국 전자산업의 사례 = Co-evolution of Export Industry and Skills Acquisition

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper examines the unique aspects of development of the electronics industry as an export industry in Korea of the 1960s and 70s. The development of the electronics industry of this period accompanied the establishment of related laws and policies, the technology manpower cultivation, the technology transfer and development, the construction of industrial parks, and export promotion activities to foster the industry. This was a unique phenomenon in Korea, a developing country, which has established itself as a producer and exporter of electronics. However, the early history of Korea's electronics industry has been relatively poorly studied in spite of its remarkable performance in the 1990s.
The problems that emerged in the formulation and implementation of electronics industry policies in the 1960s and 70s were resolved through the interplay of cooperation, competition, conflict, and exclusion among different actors. The export industry and technology interacted with each other, influencing institutions, organizations, and technological learning in a co-evolutionary manner. The characteristics of the Korean electronics industry revealed through this study are that it evolved through the interaction of establishing its identity as an export industry and rapid technology acquisition. In order to dramatically expand its export performance in the electronics industry, which was designated as a strategic industry, Korea paid great attention to technology acquisition and development for black-and-white TVs, color TVs, and semiconductors. Export industries and technology acquisition have become interdependent, with positive effects on both sides. This can also be called the process of technological internalization of the electronics industry. The co-evolution between the export industry and technology acquisition in the electronics industry involved various actors other than a strong government. This study shows that in the formulation and implementation of Korea's electronics industry development policies in the 1960s and 70s, there was no simple and uniform government leadership in terms of industry selection, institutionalization of laws and policies, training of technical manpower, technology learning and development, and formation of production and export bases. The detailed implementation of the major policies shows that the production and export base of the electronics industry was established along with its technological foundation through the close cooperation between related ministries, companies, research institutes, academies, and labor.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1장 서론 1
• 1. 문제제기 1
• 2. 논문의 주요 내용 13
• 3. 연구자료 15
• Ⅰ. 전자산업진흥정책의 수립17
• 2장 전자산업의 수출산업화, 그 이상과 현실의 괴리 18
• 1. 상공부의 위기 모면을 위한 전자산업의 발굴 19
• 2. 최규남과 김기형의 <전자공업육성방안> 작성 41
• 3. 한국전자공업협동조합의 전자공업진흥임시조치법안 제정 기대와 무산 48
• 4. 김완희의 전자공업진흥원 설립 구상과 현실의 상충 55
• 3장 전자산업 육성을 위한 제도의 구축과 실행 74
• 1. 전자공업진흥법 제정과 상공부의 역할 강화 75
• 2. 생산 기반 구축을 위한 전자공업진흥계획의 수립과 실행(1969-1975) 92
• 3. 제3차 전자공업진흥계획 수립과 이행 방식의 수정(1976-1980) 126
• Ⅱ. 전자산업진흥정책의 시행 144
• 4장 산업 현장을 위한 기술 인력의 양성 145
• 1. 한국정밀기기센터의 기술훈련과 직업훈련기관으로의 전환 146
• 2. 구미전자공업고등학교의 설치와 기능공의 집중적 배출 163
• 3. 경북대학교 전자공학과에서의 현장형 전자기술자 양성 178
• 5장 생산 기술의 학습 체제 형성 192
• 1. 흑백TV의 기술이전과 생산 기술 학습 193
• 2. 컬러TV의 기술이전에서 기술개발로의 진화 210
• 3. 반도체 기술 개발 체제 형성 221
• 6장 생산과 수출 거점화 추진 238
• 1. 구미전자공업단지에서의 생산 기반의 집결 239
• 2. 한국전자전람회에서의 전자산업 수출국의 표상 260
• 7장 결론 279
• 참고문헌 283