국제무역거래에서 수하인의 지위와 운송물처분권에 관한 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study aims to analyse position of consignee, legal fiction of contract of carriage and right of control in international trade transaction.
In situations where a negotiable document of title is not required, the presentation problem can be solved by the substitution of a sea waybill for the normal bill of lading. The sea waybill differs from the bill of lading in that, while it acts as a receipt and provides evidence of the contract of carriage, it lacks the third characteristic in that it does not constitute a negotiable document of title. For this reason it is not so acceptable where documentary credits are involved or where there is a possibility that the consignee might wish to sell the goods in transit. Nevertheless, increasing use is being made of the sea waybill and it is reported that as much as 85 per cent of the trans-Atlantic trade in containerised cargo could be carried on sea waybills.
The CMI formulated the CMI Uniform Rules for Sea Waybills for voluntary incorporation into any contract of carriage covered by such a document. The Rules further confirm the right of the shipper, as original party to the contract of carriage, to change the name of the consignee at any time before the consignee claims delivery of the goods after their arrival at the contractual destination. Such right is subject to the proviso that the shipper gives the carrier adequate warning and indemnifies him against any additional expenditure involved. The shipper can, however, relinquish such right of control to the consignee at any time not later than the receipt of the goods by the carrier, provided that such transfer of control is recorded on the sea waybill. Banks prepared to accept a sea waybill as security for a commercial credit will presumably insist on such a transfer of control.

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