노년기 정서 경험의 변화와 주관적 안녕감:종단 연구 분석 = The Changes of Emotion Experiences and Subjective Well-being in Old Age: An Analysis of Longitudinal Study

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to examine the changes of emotion experiences in old age and confirm the effects of emotional characteristics on the subjective well-being in old age by the longitudinal study. This longitudinal study started from 2003 and every two year we performed panel study. We analysed the data from old participants who participated tree-times(2003, 2005, 2007)and over 65 year-old. Finally, 844 old participants(male, 340; female, 504)' data were analysed. The elderly experienced more positive emotions than negatives and these results represented affective optimization. We performed mixed ANOVA method and confirmed significant change of emotion experiences during 6 years. Positive emotion experiences and negative emotion experiences were decreased as they get older. We also examined the effects of emotional experiences on the subjective well-being. In results, emotion experiences were more effective than the demographic variables for maintaining subjective well-being in old age. Decreasing negative emotion experiences and increasing positive emotion experiences can keep happy life up in old age. The importance of the quality of emotional life in old age and the necessity of longitudinal study of aging were discussed.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 2003년부터 2년마다 실시되고 있는 종단연구 자료를 바탕으로 노년기의 정서 경험의 변화 특성을 확인하고 이러한 특성이 주관적 안녕감에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 실시되었다. 2003년 기준으로 65세 이상인 노인 중 1차(2003년), 2차(2005년), 3차(2007년) 연구에 모두 참여한 노인 참가자 844명(남성 340명, 여성 504명, 평균 연령 71.59세)을 대상으로 연령 증가에 따른 정적 정서 경험과 부적 정서 경험의 변화를 확인하였다. 혼합설계 분산분석(mixed ANOVA)을 통해 분석한 결과, 연구 참여 노인들은 부적 정서보다 정적 정서를 더 많이 경험하는 정서최적화 특성을 나타냈다. 노년기에 부적 정서가 급격하게 증가하고 정적 정서가 급격하게 감소할 것이라는 일반적인 믿음과 달리, 점진적인 정적 정서와 부적 정서의 감소가 나타났다. 노년기 주관적 안녕감에 정서 경험이 미치는 영향을 확인한 결과, 학력이나 경제수준과 같은 인구통계학적 특성에 비해 정서 경험이 미치는 영향이 더 컸다. 그리고, 정적 정서를 더 많이 경험하고 부적 정서를 덜 경험하는 것이 주관적 안녕감 유지에 효과적이라는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 노년기 삶에 있어서 정서적 삶의 중요성과 노년연구에서의 종단 연구의 필요성에 대해 논의하였다.

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