독립 이후 나타난 우즈베키스탄 교육제도와 교육환경 분석 = Analysis on Education System and Education Environment in Uzbekistan after Independence

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Uzbekistan accounted for 44% of the total population of Central Asia in 2017 and has an enrollment of 1.1million in all educational institutions. Therefore, the future of Uzbekistan can be said to depend on education.
After independence, the Uzbekistan government has reorganized education system, which was the legacy of the Soviet education system, to fit the international community and has created its own independent education model by continuing to open colleges with connections to the core academic fields needed for national development although the economy has been depressed due to the transition period.
However, due to the lack of government budget allocations for the education sector, the Uzbekistan government failed to improve the education environment as follows. First, the development and publication of educational materials such as textbooks which are most necessary for the class did not proceed well. Secondly, teachers and professors had to receive low salaries. In particular, teachers and professors with fewer wages had to do other things after school, so lessons were not made at all educational institutions and they illegally raised students' grades and received money from their parents. Therefore, students and parents have distrust in public education. The high entrance competition in Uzbekistan has made this situation worse. All universities have solved the insufficient budget by creating illegal systems such as contributory admission.
In this paper the causes and effects of the changes in the education system and education environment in Uzbekistan after independence will be analyzed concretely and the impact of this on the future of Uzbekistan and its solutions will be presented.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 성동기, "우즈베키스탄 타슈켄트 고려인 고등학생들의 교육 실태분석 및 전망" 42 : 95-134, 2017

2 김경욱, "소련의 교육제도와 개혁전망" 6 : 209-223, 1990

3 Житникова, М. Н., "Система Образования РеспубликиУзбекистан: Обазовательные Программы и Присваиваемые Квалификации" 128 : 48-58, 2008

4 "https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/institutional-document/42767/files/uzbekistan-country-gender-assessment.pdf"

5 "https://exchangerate-euro.com/currency/UZS-som-uzbekistan/"

6 "http://www.theglobaleconomy.com/Uzbekistan/GDP_per_capita_PPP/"

7 "http://www.norma.uz/novoe_v_zakonodatelstve/utverjdeno_novoe_polojenie_o_platnokontraktnoy_forme_obucheniya_v_vuzah_i_kolledjah"

8 "http://www.kursy.uz/"

9 "http://www.fergananews.com/articles/5760"

10 "http://www.epdc.org/country/uzbekistan"

11 "http://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/"

12 "http://visual.ly/marriages-uzbekistan-based-age-husband-and-wife"

13 "http://uzbekistan.kg/uz11.php"

14 "http://uis.unesco.org/country/UZ"

15 "http://tpkit.uz/"

16 "http://tbinternet.ohchr.org/Treaties/CERD/Shared%20Documents/UZB/INT_CERD_NGO_UZB_16338_R.rtf"

17 "http://registan.net/2014/05/08/early-marriages-preferred-and-prevail-among-uzbe ks/"

18 "http://news.uzreport.uz/news_3_e_143507.html"

19 "http://ko.tradingeconomics.com/uzbekistan/gdp-per-capita-ppp"

20 "http://info.ziyonet.uz/ru/post/view/education/common"

21 "http://enews.fergananews.com/articles/2568"

22 "http://data.un.org/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=UZBEKISTAN"

23 "http://data.un.org/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Turkmenistan"

24 "http://data.un.org/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Kyrgyzstan"

25 Mandel, William, "Soviet Women in the Work Force and Professions" 15 (15): 255-280, 1971

26 Critchlow, James, "Nationalism In Uzbekistan: A Soviet Republic's Road To Sovereignty" Westview Press 1991

27 Ruziev, Kobil, "Higher education in Uzbekistan: reforms and the changing landscape since independence" 1-25, 2016

28 "Darakchi 2016. 10. 07"

29 Mushtaq, Sabina, "Contemporary Educational System in Uzbekistan" 3 (3): 127-136, 2015