가우디와 훈데르트바서 작품에 나타난 유기적 건축 특성 연구 = A Study on Organic Architecture Characteristics in Works of Gaudi and Hundertwasser

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

(Background and Purpose) Once human create things first, they metaphor, they use metaphor, describes and imitate the shape of nature, inspired by material and shape of the nature. The nature has been a significant motive in many designs and in architecture, it is called organic architecture and playing an important role. A concept of organic architecture has been developed by various architectures in the past and still it draws attentions with its significance. The purpose to analyze Antoni Gaudi and Hundertwasser, who show a big difference based on the climatic and local characteristics of Spain and Austria, is that they were affected by the environments they grew in childhood and designed buildings and things, reflecting their own local tradition. They thought that nature and surrounding environment had an inseparable relation with the architecture, Imitating formal expression of the modern organic architecture than contemporary architecture in constructions. In addition, in the late 19th century, they were affected by art nouveau style. When they expressed new ornaments based on plant motif and strong colors in constructions, they used same methods but showed a difference obviously with different standards. The purpose of this research is to analyze organic concept and expression in their representative works which show similar, but distinctively different interpretation of ideology and concept. It seems significant to understand the aspects of organic architecture. (Method) Organic concept and architecture characteristics were analyzed based on literature investigation and advanced research and organic architecture characteristics and formativeness in works of two architects were analyzed with comprehensive case table. And then their characteristics and interpretation will have validity. (Results) Gaudi reflected local tradition, Catalan Gothic and emphasized harmony and unity between building and nature, inspired by the nature. And he expressed organic architect with wood, bones, muscle-tendon to look like organic constructions. In addition, stone has endless potential to make shape which Gaudi wanted. It has easily unperceived continuous curves to make his own architecture. However, Hundertwasser thought a man was a guest to visit the nature and his basic concept was to protect the environments where men stayed. He opposed architecture which damages human and nature and synthetically expressed the significance of ecological and eco-friendly architecture in architecture by ignoring the boundary of the site of construction. He used curves and spiral in every architecture, thinking that straight line was Godless and immoral to lose human nature. As a result of this analysis, two architects valued harmony with nature and used curves mainly, thinking the curve was the line of nature. And they has their own expression to interpret organic constructions in different circumstances. (Conclusions) This study has sought meaning of organic architecture in works of two architects. It is important to continue similar studies to show new possibility to reinterpret organic architecture contemporarily and create new ones.