This study is based on the 'Painting of the Four gods,' engraved on the ancient burial mound of the Goguryeo period. The study aims to use the analysis of the concepts, features and appearances of the 'Four Gods'(Sa-shin) described in the painting and...
This study is based on the 'Painting of the Four gods,' engraved on the ancient burial mound of the Goguryeo period. The study aims to use the analysis of the concepts, features and appearances of the 'Four Gods'(Sa-shin) described in the painting and recognize the visual facts to be used widely and conveniently in the present age. I had been interested in Korean classical literature and history, and wondered how the Four Gods arose and took the feature and appearances as they are, and how they became holy animals. Through studying the historical background, this study seeks to obtain accurate information about the Four Gods, and to utilize the information found conveniently via modern reinterpretation of the visual resources.
The reason I chose Goguryeo period as the era of the Painting of the Four Gods was because the paintings of Goguryeo era developed most systematically and independently, over all the other countries and periods. There were no paintings found from the Shinla period, and although there were paintings that originate from the Bakjae period, considering the fact that most aristocrats and the dominating class of the period had originally come from Goguryeo, it is very likely that the artistic style and value of Bakjae period would have been largely influenced by that of the Goguryeo period. Hence, I decided that it is appropriate to study the Paintings of the Four Gods from the Goguryeo period.
From the ancient times, human beings had an instinct to protect themselves from dangers. They did so by creating walls around them, which further developed into forms of housing. Their instinct did not diminish during sleeping or for after death, and this led to an urge to create an object that will protect them from all different directions. For such reasons, 'Totemic faith' developed, where animals were worshipped for self comforting reasons and protection. Of all the animals, the ones with powerful forces were divinized and worshipped as a symbol of protection.
The Four Gods in the painting not only acts as symbols, but features characteristics of folk belief historically even in the present time. The 'Painting of the Four Gods' described in the walls of the ancient burial mounds of the Goguryeo period is based on the 'Five Element Theory', which not only affected the politics and society but influenced the religion and faith of the era as well. Such extensive impact of the 'Five element theory' gave rise to a form of 'religious logic'.
Four Gods depicted in the painting connotate significance in terms of their form as well. In terms of studying the painting to utilize it visually in the present times, and to restore the artifact of the past into a representation of a modern sense, I have noted that even a single piece of hair of each Gods was of importance. Because our ancestors endowed meaning in every paintings, it was no surprise that every detail of the 'Painting of the Four Gods' had been created for a reason.
So it came as a distress to me that the modern age treat the Four Gods as a mere myth, when it holds such significance. Therefore, I have conducted the study to reinterpret the old legacy into a modern culture, so many people can use the reinterpretation and appreciate it.