한반도 근대성과 민족전통의 변형 = The Korean Modernity and Transformation of National Tradition

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this paper is, under the premise that the modernity of the Korean Peninsula has been shaped by the encounter of tradition and modernity, to investigate the common feature of ``invention of tradition`` that state power of North and South Korea has imprinted on people`s body and mind, furthermore to present the direction of a desirable discourse on tradition. In the methodology of understanding on tradition, Pierre Bourdieu`s ``Habitus`` is as important as Eric Hobsbawm`s ideas so called ``invention of tradition``. Because we can explain the complex modernity-mechanism of the Korean Peninsula shaped by the encounter of tradition and modernity, only when we must consider not only the invented aspects of tradtion led under the political and economical intentions of modern nation-state, but long-lasting aspects of tradtion inherited from the premodern. Nevertheless, mainly limiting to aspects on ``invention of tradition``, this paper analyzed the common feature that North and South Korea have been taking advantage of national tradition. First, North and South Korea commonly took advantage of confucian tradition for both the establishment of political leadership and the economic development. The confucian tradition has been used for not the continuation of feudal society, but the modern interest, that is, the establishment of modern nation-state and the promotion of industrialization. Secondly, North and South Korea have showed a commonly spiritual tendency in the use of national tradition. The spiritual tendency has characterized throughout the Korean intellectual history of the 20th century and after liberation in 1945, it has been regarded as not only the means for modernization but a viable strategy to recover the damaged national subjectivity, whether North and South Korea. The direction of discourse on tradition has highlighted in the following ways : escaping from the one state-oriented exclusive monopoly, efforts required for intentionally inheriting and creating the premodern tradition, and including the Korean modernity of the 20th century shaped another tradition from the tradition before accepting the Western civilization.