고려의 법화삼매 수행법 재조명 = Reconsidering the Saddharma-puṇḍarīika-samādhi in the Goryeo Era -Based on the New Discovered Saddharma-puṇḍarīika-samādhi

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Saddharma-puṇḍarīika-samādhi, or Dharma-flower absorption, was passed down to the Tiantai School as its dharma-transmitting practice method after Chinese Ch’an master Huisi (慧思) of the Chen (陳) Dynasty first attained enlightenment and then was followed by Great master Tiantai (天台). To the Korean peninsula, Hyeon-gwang (玄光) of Baekje introduced this samādhi practice for the first time and by the Goryeo period it flourished greatly. Especially between the close of Goryeo and the opening of Joseon, Korean Cheontae (Tiantai) was divided into Cheontae sojajong (天台疏字宗) and Cheontae beopsajong (天台法事宗), among which the latter is said to have cultivated the Dharma-flower samādhi exclusively. As for the temple of such practice, Baengnyeonsa is well-known as the practice community (結社) for this sam dhi. It is, however, little known what the Saddharma-puṇḍarīika-samādhi at that time was like. It was only speculated that it had been performed in the same way as Chinese Tiantai’s Repentance Ritual of the Ṣaddharma-puṇḍarīika-samādhi 『法華三昧懺儀』. Recently though, among the texts discovered from inside the Vairocana statue of Girimsa Temple were the last fascicle of Commentary on Repentance Ritual of the Ṣaddharma-puṇḍarīika-samādhi 『法華三昧懺助宣講儀』 compiled in the 4th year of Goryeo King U’s reign (1378) and the first fascicle of Method of the Lotus Sutra Samādhi 『妙法蓮華經三昧懺法』 compiled by Cheontae School’s propagator (傳敎僧) San-geung (山亘), both of which reveal a fact of the Dharma-flower sam dhi practice at that time. Examining both the texts, yebuldan (禮佛壇), or the Buddhist service, was performed accordingly to the newly composed method based upon the contents of the Lotus Sutra; jakgwan (作觀), or performing the meditation, was done contemplating the sutra contents; chamhoi, or repentance, was conducted unifying into one the repentance of the six sense organs. In particular, the ceremonial process was well organized so that they could cultivate sam dhi while reciting the Lotus Sutra after dividing its contents into 12 parts. Such a practice method was unique in Goryeo as it was shown different from its counterparts ie., the Repentance Ritual of the Ṣaddharma-puṇḍarīika-samādhi of China and the Repentance Method of the Lotus Sutra 『法華懺法』 of Japan.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서언 Ⅱ. 한·중·일 삼국에 전승된 법화삼매 수행법 Ⅲ. 고려의 법화신행과 법화삼매 수행 Ⅳ. 결어 인용문헌 Abstract