경제적 불평등이 치명적 폭력에 미치는 영향 : 능력주의의 조절효과를 중심으로 = Economic Inequality and Lethal Violence: An Analysis of the Moderating Effect of Meritocracy

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study sought to analyze the impact of economic inequality on lethal violence, using the Integrated Model of Suicide and Homicide as a theoretical framework. This model views suicide and homicide as forms of lethal violence, emphasizing their similarity as violent acts that result in the death of the individual or others and it suggests that socio-structural problems, such as economic inequality, may lead to lethal violence through individual frustration and stress. More specifically, the study focused on two objectives: first, to analyze the moderating effect of meritocracy on the relationship between economic inequality and lethal violence, and second, to examine economic inequality by differentiating between income inequality and wealth inequality, measuring them through the top 10% share of income and wealth.
To achieve these objectives, this research constructed a panel dataset using 20 years of data (2000–2019) from 40 countries and conducted empirical analysis. The key findings are as follows:
First, both income inequality and wealth inequality significantly affected lethal violence. Specifically, economic inequality was positively correlated with homicide rates, and when considering the moderating effect of meritocracy, higher levels of meritocratic beliefs intensified homicide rates as economic inequality increased. These findings underscore the complex relationship between economic inequality, lethal violence, and meritocracy.
Second, income inequality had a stronger impact on lethal violence than wealth inequality. This suggests that analyzing the relationship between economic inequality and lethal violence will be more effective by primarily focusing on income inequality. Additionally, it implies that there is a diffrence between the actual structure and operation of economic inequality and how individuals perceive it.
Based on these findings, the study proposed social policy interventions to address lethal violence, such as reforming tax policies to reduce economic inequality and strengthening the social safety net through mental health services and national social welfare systems.
However, this study has several limitations. First, the number of countries analyzed was limited to 40 due to difficulty in collecting consistent data across countries. Second, some variables used for analysis did not fully represent the original concepts. Lastly, the study may be susceptible to ecological fallacy in its methodology and interpretation. Future research should address these limitations by expanding the number of countries analyzed, using alternative data sources or estimation methods to measure each concept more precisely, and applying multi-level analysis to avoid ecological fallacies.
Despite these limitations, this study is significant in that it empirically examined the relationship between economic inequality and lethal violence using an Integrated Model of Suicide and Homicide, reflected contemporary patterns of economic inequality, such as the top 10% share of income and wealth, and considered the influence of meritocracy on this relationship. Future research should address these limitations to foster deeper discussions on lethal violence.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서 론 1
• 제1절 연구의 목적 1
• 제2절 연구의 범위 및 방법 6
• 1. 연구의 범위 6
• 2. 연구의 방법 8
• 제2장 이론적 배경 9
• 제1절 치명적 폭력에 관한 이론 9
• 1. 자살-살인 통합모델의 형성 과정 10
• 2. 자살-살인 통합모델 22
• 제2절 경제적 불평등의 유형과 변화 추세 24
• 1. 소득 불평등과 자산 불평등의 개념 24
• 2. 경제적 불평등 지수의 유형과 특성 25
• 3. 소득 집중도와 자산 집중도 29
• 4. 경제적 불평등의 변화 추세 30
• 제3절 능력주의의 개념과 경제적 불평등과의 관계 38
• 1. 능력주의의 개념 38
• 2. 능력주의에 대한 비판 40
• 3. 능력주의와 경제적 불평등, 치명적 폭력의 관계 43
• 제4절 선행연구 검토 44
• 1. 경제적 불평등과 자살의 관계 45
• 2. 경제적 불평등과 살인의 관계 47
• 3. 경제적 불평등과 치명적 폭력의 관계 50
• 4. 소결 60
• 제3장 연구의 설계 62
• 제1절 연구모형과 연구가설 62
• 1. 연구모형 62
• 2. 연구가설 63
• 제2절 변수의 조작적 정의와 측정 65
• 1. 종속변수 65
• 2. 독립변수 67
• 3. 조절변수 71
• 4. 통제변수 72
• 제3절 자료수집 및 분석방법 75
• 1. 자료수집 75
• 2. 분석방법 77
• 제4장 분석결과 및 논의 84
• 제1절 주요 변수의 기술통계 84
• 1. 분석대상 국가별 특성 84
• 2. 변수 간 상관관계 분석 92
• 제2절 연구모형 분석결과 95
• 1. 패널 분석방법의 선정 95
• 2. 패널 분석결과 96
• 제3절 분석결과 논의 102
• 1. 소득 불평등 모델 102
• 2. 자산 불평등 모델 114
• 3. 소득 불평등 모델과 자산 불평등 모델의 비교 123
• 제5장 결 론 127
• 참 고 문 헌 136
• ABSTRACT 153
• 부 록 156