본 연구는 지자체에서 수립·이행되고 있는 기후변화 적응대책의 과정에서 기후변화 취약성을 개선시키기 위해서는 적응대책과 취약성이 연계되어야 한다는 관점에서 상호 연계 정도를 �...

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https://www.riss.kr/link?id=T16810303
[Seoul] : Graduate School, Yonsei University, 2023
학위논문(박사) -- Graduate School, Yonsei University , Department of Urban Planning and Engineering , 2023.8
2023
영어
서울
지자체 기후변화 취약성 평가와 적응대책과의 연계성 분석에 관한 연구
xii, 281 p. : 삽화(일부천연색) ; 26 cm
지도교수: Up Lim
I804:11046-000000550976
0
상세조회0
다운로드본 연구는 지자체에서 수립·이행되고 있는 기후변화 적응대책의 과정에서 기후변화 취약성을 개선시키기 위해서는 적응대책과 취약성이 연계되어야 한다는 관점에서 상호 연계 정도를 �...
본 연구는 지자체에서 수립·이행되고 있는 기후변화 적응대책의 과정에서 기후변화 취약성을 개선시키기 위해서는 적응대책과 취약성이 연계되어야 한다는 관점에서 상호 연계 정도를 진단·평가하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 이를 위해 적응대책에 대한 분석은 현재 이행단계까지 모두 마친 16개 제2차 광역지자체 기후변화 적응대책 세부시행계획(2017~2021)을 분석대상으로 하였고, 기후변화 취약성 평가(7개분야 32개 항목)는 해당 계획수립 시점인 2017년도의 자료와 미래 기후시나리오(현재 2010년대, 미래 2050년대) 자료를 대상으로 분석하였다. 연구는 3장에서 전국 기초지자체별 취약성 지수를 산출하여 광역지자체 단위로 취약성 지수 도출하고, 이를 기반으로 매트릭스 군집분포를 통해 광역지자체의 취약성 등급을 평가하여 산정하였다. 4장에서는 16개 제2차 광역지자체 기후변화 적응대책(977개)을 정리하여 분석자료를 구축하고 사업유형, 사업성격, 적응예산, 대응요인 등 다양한 관점에서 통계분석을 수행하고 군집분석 기반 세부시행계획 수와 예산을 통해 지역별로 중점적으로 투자하고 있는 분야와 유사한 특징을 가진 지역을 분석하였다. 이후 3장에서 도출한 기후변화 취약성 지수와 4장에서 구축한 적응대책 분석자료를 활용하여 상관분석 등을 수행하여 정량적인 관점에서의 적응대책과 취약성의 연계성을 분석하였고, 실제로 적응대책을 수립하는 과정에서 지자체에서는 취약성을 연계하고 있는지에 대해 광역시·도 적응대책 수립을 담당했던 전문가 10인을 대상(광역시 4인, 광역도 6인)으로 심층인터뷰를 수행하였다.
본 연구에서 다루고자 하는 기후변화 취약성과 적응대책 사이의 연계성은 크게 두 가지 관점으로 접근할 수 있다. 첫 번째는 5장의 상관분석을 통해서 다루었던 것과 같이 각 지자체의 기후변화 취약성 수준에 따라 이에 대응하기 위해 기후변화 적응대책이 수립되고 있는지 확인하는 것이었다. 이번 연구에서는 취약성을 건강, 재난/재해, 농업 등 7부문 32개 항목으로 구분하여 도출하였다. 이후 각 지자체의 항목별 취약성 수준에 따라 지자체에서 해당 항목에 적응대책을 얼마나 수립하고 있는지를 계획·이행예산 할당비율과 세부시행계획 수를 통해서 비교·분석을 함으로써 기후변화 취약성과 적응대책 사이의 연계성을 정량적인 방법으로 확인해보았다. 그 결과, 우리나라 16개 광역시·도 전체와 공간유형 등이 다른 7개 광역시 및 9개 광역도를 대상으로 분석했을 때는 전체적으로 상관관계가 매우 약하여 기후변화 취약성과 적응대책이 연계가 되고 있는 것으로 판단하기 어려웠다. 또한, 데이터 구축상의 한계로 각 16개 광역지자체에 대한 상관분석을 도출하지는 못했지만 각 광역지자체의 항목별 기후변화 취약성과 적응대책 계획예산의 분포를 통해서 비교·분석했을 때도 각 광역지자체마다 특정 항목에 대해 집중적으로 투자하는 모습이 나타나기만 했을뿐, 취약성 수준과 비례하여 많은 예산이 투자되고 있지는 않아 현재 지자체에서 수립하고 있는 기후변화 적응대책과 기후변화 취약성의 연계가 이루어지지 않는 것으로 파악되었다. 그 외에도, 취약성 항목별로 현재와 미래의 취약성 평가 수준을 비교하여 4가지 유형으로 구분한 결과, 취약성이 낮은 수준으로 유지되거나(L-L) 현재에 비해 취약성이 낮아지는(H-L) 항목의 취약성은 취약성이 높은 수준에서 유지되거나(H-H) 현재에 비해 취약성이 높아지는(L-H) 항목에 비해 상대적으로 적은 항목이 해당되는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 각 지자체에서는 취약성을 개선하기 위해서 취약성이 상대적으로 잘 관리되고 있는 항목에 대해서는 현재와 비슷한 수준으로 취약성 관리에 자원을 투자하여 취약성이 계속해서 양호한 수준에 머무르게 할 필요가 있다. 추가적으로, 취약성이 높은 수준에서 유지되거나 현재에 비해 취약성이 높아지는 항목에 대해서는 현재 수준보다 엄격하게 취약성을 관리할 필요가 있다는 시사점을 얻었다.
두 번째는 5장의 전문가 심층인터뷰를 통해서 다루었던 내용과 같이 실제로 지자체 기후변화 적응대책을 수립하는 과정에서 기후변화 취약성을 고려하였는지에 대한 관점이다. 지자체마다 기후변화 적응대책에 취약성이 얼마나 연계되고 있는지는 일부 다르게 응답하는 경향도 있지만 공통적으로 취약성을 적응대책 수립에 있어서 방향성을 설정하는데 도움을 주는 정도로만 활용하고 있으며 각 적응대책이 취약성과 직접적으로 연계되는 경우는 매우 제한적이라고 응답하였다. 이는 현재 지자체에서 각종 항목에 대한 취약성을 평가하기 위해 쉽게 접근·활용할 수 있는 취약성 평가 도구인 VESTAP에서 제공하는 데이터의 종류나 해상도로는 적응사업의 세부내용이나 공간범위·대상지 등 구체적인 사항까지 선정하기에 부족하기 때문이라는 의견도 있었다. 이처럼 현재 지자체 기후변화 적응대책에 수립되어 있는 세부시행계획(적응대책)이 취약성 항목과 연계되어 작성된 것이 아니기 때문에 본 연구에서 분석을 위한 자료를 정리하는 과정에서 각 세부시행계획(977개 적응대책)이 어떤 취약성(7개 분야 32개 항목)에 대응하기 위한 사업인지를 분류하고 매칭하는 단계가 필요했는데 이는 본 연구에만 해당되는 문제점이 아니라 적응대책을 이행하기 위해 수립한 세부시행계획이 각 지역의 기후변화 취약성을 개선하는 정도를 분석하는 과정에서도 발생할 것으로 예상된다. 적응대책과 취약성을 연계하여 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서는 지자체에서 적응대책을 수립할 때 각 세부시행계획과 취약성을 매칭하여 수립하는 체계와 과정도 필요하지만 반대로 적응대책을 수립함으로써 취약성이 얼마나 개선되는지 평가하는 과정도 필요할 것으로 보인다. 이러한 과정을 통해서 취약성을 개선하기 위해 적용한 방안이 적절한 방법이었는지, 취약성을 개선하기 위해 재원이 얼마나 필요한지 등에 대한 평가와 검토가 지속적으로 이루어져야 취약성을 연계하여 수립하는 적응대책의 실효성이 점점 개선될 것으로 판단된다. 더불어 이와 같은 기후변화 취약성과 적응대책과의 체계성과 연계성의 개선, 기후변화 취약성 평가 결과의 고도화와 신뢰도 향상과 함께 지역차원의 적응계획 수립·이행과정에서 주요하게 나타나는 적응재원 반영 부족, 이행 가능한 여건 부족, 담당자 적응인식 부족, 부서간의 협력관계 부족 및 건강, 농업 등 부문별 기후변화 적응 주류화 미흡 등의 한계와 장애요인으로 실질적인 의사결정 단계에서 필요한 적응개입과 적절한 조치가 적절하게 이행될 수 있도록 관련 제도적 개선이 고려되어야 한다.
다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)
This study aims to diagnose and evaluate the degree of connectivity between adaptation measures and vulnerability in the process of climate change adaptation measures being established and implemented in local governments from the perspective that ada...
This study aims to diagnose and evaluate the degree of connectivity between adaptation measures and vulnerability in the process of climate change adaptation measures being established and implemented in local governments from the perspective that adaptation measures and vulnerability should be linked to each other in order to improve climate change vulnerability.
For this purpose, the analysis of adaptation measures was based on the Second Metropolitan Government Detailed Implementation Plans for Climate Change Adaptation Measures (2017-2021), which has completed the implementation stage, and the vulnerability assessment was analyzed based on the 2017 data when the plan was established and the data(current 2010, future 2050) for future climate scenarios.
In Chapter 3, the study calculated the vulnerability index for each basic local governments to derive the vulnerability index for metropolitan governments, and through this, the vulnerability grade of metropolitan governments was evaluated. In Chapter 4, the Second Metropolitan Government Detailed Implementation Plans for Climate Change Adaptation Measures was summarized and analyzed, and statistical analysis was conducted from various perspectives such as business type, business nature, budget, and response factors, and cluster analysis was conducted to classify regions with similar characteristics to the regions that each local government is focusing on through the number of detailed implementation plans and budget.
Then, using the vulnerability index derived in Chapter 3 and the analysis of adaptation measures established in Chapter 4, we conducted a correlation analysis to analyze the connectivity between adaptation measures and vulnerability from the quantitative perspective, and conducted in-depth interviews with 10 experts (4 from metropolitan cities and 6 from provinces) on whether local governments are linking vulnerability in the process of establishing adaptation measures.
The connectivity between climate change vulnerability and adaptation measures, which this study aims to address, can be mainly approached from two perspectives. First is to check whether climate change adaptation measures are being established to respond to the level of climate change vulnerability in each local government, as covered through the correlation analysis in Chapter 5. In this study, vulnerability was categorized into 32 items in 7 sectors such as health, disaster/catastrophe, and agriculture.
Then, according to the level of vulnerability by each item in each local government, the extent to which local governments are establishing adaptation measures for that item was analyzed through a comparative analysis of the proportion of planned budget allocation and the number of detailed implementation plans to determine the connectivity between climate change vulnerability and adaptation measures in a quantitative way. As a result, when analyzing the entire country and metropolitan cities and provinces, the correlation was very weak and it was difficult to determine that climate change vulnerability and adaptation measures are linked. In addition, although correlation analysis could not be conducted due to limits in data establishment, when comparative analysis of the distribution of planned budgets for climate change vulnerability and adaptation measures by item in each metropolitan government was conducted, it appeared that each metropolitan government was only investing heavily in specific items, but not enough budget invested in proportion to the level of vulnerability, so it seems that there is no connectivity between climate change adaptation measures currently being established by local governments and climate change vulnerability.
In addition, by comparing the current and future vulnerability levels by each vulnerability item, we categorized them into four types, and found out that the vulnerability of items that remain at a low level of vulnerability (L-L) or become less vulnerable compared to the current level of vulnerability (H-L) is relatively less than that of items that remain at a high level of vulnerability (H-H) or become higher compared to the current level of vulnerability (L-H). Therefore, to improve vulnerability, each local government need to invest resources in vulnerability management at a similar level to the current level for items whose vulnerability is relatively well managed to ensure that the vulnerability remains at a good level. In addition, we found out that for items whose vulnerability remains at a high level or becomes more vulnerable compared to the current level, it is necessary to manage vulnerability more strictly than the current level.
Second is the perspective on whether climate change vulnerability was actually taken into account in the development of local government climate change adaptation measures, as covered in the in-depth interviews in Chapter 5. While local governments responded differently to the extent to which vulnerability is linked to climate change adaptation measures, in general climate change vulnerability is only used to help set the direction of adaptation measures, while very few adaptation measures are directly connected to vulnerability. This is because the type of data and resolution provided by VESTAP, an easily accessible vulnerability assessment tool for local governments to assess vulnerability of each item, is not sufficient to select detailed information such as project details or target locations. As such, the detailed implementation plans currently established for climate change adaptation measures are not linked to vulnerability items, so in the process of organizing the data for analysis in this study, it was necessary to classify which vulnerability each plan was intended to address. This problem is not unique to this study, but is expected to occur in the process of analyzing the extent to which the detailed plans established to implement adaptation measures improve climate change vulnerability in each region. In order to solve this problem by linking adaptation measures and vulnerability, it is necessary for local governments to match each detailed implementation plan with vulnerability when establishing adaptation measures, but it is also necessary to evaluate how much vulnerability is improved by establishing adaptation measures. Through this process, the effectiveness of adaptation measures establishment linked to vulnerabilities would be gradually improved by continuously evaluating whether the measures applied to improve vulnerabilities are appropriate and how much financial resources are needed to improve vulnerabilities.
Along with the system and connectivity improvement and enhancing reliability of vulnerability results, more importantly, it is also necessary to achieve institutional improvements to improve problems that do not have inclusion of practical adaptation and necessary actions at the decision making level such as lack of adaptation resources, lack of adaptation awareness, lack of cooperation and administrative relations, and insufficient mainstreaming of adaptation, which are major limitations and obstacles at the local level.
목차 (Table of Contents)
참고문헌 (Reference)
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