Journey to the Far East: Reading Joyce in the Jesuit Context Featuring St. Francis Xavier = Journey to the Far East: Reading Joyce in the Jesuit Context Featuring St. Francis Xavier

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper aims to reconsider how the Society of Jesus (the Jesuits) influenced James Joyce and his works, especially focusing on the society`s missionary work in the Far East. St. Francis Xavier reached Japan on August 15, 1549 and proselytized there until November 1551. He died of fever in December 3, 1552 in Shangchuan Island, China. After Xavier`s death many Jesuits were engaged in missionary activities to Japan between 1549 and 1644 and to China between 1579 and 1724. The Jesuits introduced Western science, astronomy and arts to Asian countries, while they were very active in conveying Asian knowledge and philosophy to Europe. Joyce went to two Jesuit secondary schools, Clongowes Wood College (est. 1814) and Belvedere College (est. 1832; also known as St. Francis Xavier`s College). Indisputably the Jesuit education affected Joyce in his formative years. The life of St. Francis Xavier was highlighted in Chapter III of A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man in which the retreat at Belvedere College is described. In Ulysses Leopold Bloom lives at 7 Eccles Street, that is, within 5 minutes` walk from Belvedere College at 6 Great Denmark Street and Saint Francis Xavier Church at 38 Upper Gardiner Street. It is St. Francis Xavier or the Society of Jesus that initially connected James Joyce with East Asia. It will be our common responsibility to correlate Joyce`s works with the Far East further.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Hibiki, "no.34. Japan Foursquare Gospel Church. Tokyo: Nihon Foursquare Fukuin Kyodan Kokunai-Senkyo-kyoku"

2 Ito, Eishiro, "Unveiling Histories of the Tohoku District: Juan Goto and Crypto- Christians"

3 Gifford, Don, "Ulysses Annotated: Notes for James Joyce’s Ulysses" U of California P 1988

4 Joyce, James, "Ulysses" The Bodley Head 1986

5 Mansoor, M, "The Story of Irish Orientalism" Figgis & Co. 1944

6 Venn, Henry, "The Missionary Life and Labours of St. Francis Xavier Taken from His Own Correspondence" Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts, & Green 1862

7 Mungello, David. E, "The Great Encounter of China and the West, 1500-1800" Rowman & Littlefield 1800

8 Atherton, James S, "The Books at the Wake: A study of Literally Allusions in James Joyce’s Finnegans Wake" Feffer & Simons 1974

9 Belvederian, "The" Francis Xavier’s College, S. J 1953

10 Joyce, James, "Stephen Hero [SH]" New Directions 1963

11 "Statuary of St. Francis Xavier—Královská cesta"

12 Yeo, Margaret, "St. Francis Xavier: Apostle of the East" The Macmillan 1932

13 Curia Generalis, "Society of Jesus (May 7, 2007). The Jesuit Portal—Society of Jesus. Homepage: “News from the Curia (Vol.11, N.9)"

14 Bowman, John, "Portraits: Belvedere College 1832-1982 [PBC]" Gill and Macmillan 1982

15 Eishiro Ito, "Orienting Orientalism in Ulysses" 한국제임스조이스학회 14 (14): 51-70, 2008

16 Ignatian Wiki, "List of Jesuit secondary schools (by country)"

17 Sullivan, Kevin, "Joyce among the Jesuits" Greenwood 1985

18 Gifford, Don, "Joyce Annotated: Notes for Dubliners and A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man" U of California P 1982

19 Brockey, Liam Matthew, "Journey to the East: The Jesuit Mission to China, 1579-1724" The Belknap Press of Harvard UP 2007

20 "Jesuit Secondary Schools in Ireland: Belvedere College, St Ignatius College, Gonzaga College, Clongowes Wood College, Crescent College [JSSI]" Books LLC 2010

21 Kiefer, James E, "Jesuit Missions in Non-Christian Countries"

22 "Jesuit Education Home Page"

23 Lennon, Joseph, "Irish Orientalism: A Literary and Intellectual History" Syracuse UP 2004

24 St. Francis Xavier’s Church, "History of the Church"

25 Fróis, Luís, "Historia de Japam. Edicao anotada por Jose Wicki. Lisbon: Presidencia do Conselho de Ministros, Secretaria de Estado da Cultura, Direccao-Geral do Patrimonio Cultural, Biblioteca Nacional de Lisboa, 1a. ed., 1976-1984, 5 vols. Jap. Trans. Kiichi Matsuda and Momota Kawasaki. Kanyaku Fróis Nihon-shi (The Complete Translation of Fróis’s History of Japan)" Chuokoronshinsha 12-, 2000

26 Joyce, James, "Finnegans Wake" The Viking 1987

27 Mink, Louis O. A, "Finnegans Wake" Indiana UP 1978

28 Curran, "Constantine. James Joyce Remembered" Oxford UP 1968

29 Gallagher, Louis J, "China in the Sixteenth Century: The Journals of Matteo Ricci" Random House 1953

30 Bradley S. J, "Bruce. James Joyce’s Schooldays" Martin’s Press 1982

31 McHugh, Roland, "Annotations to Finnegans Wake" The Johns Hopkins UP 2006

32 Ross, Andrew C, "A Vision Betrayed: The Jesuits in Japan and China, 1542-1742" Edinburgh UP 1994

33 Joyce, James, "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man [P]" Jonathan Cape 1968