주의력결핍 과잉행동장애(ADHD) 아동의 말차례 주고받기 특성 = Conversation Characteristics of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Background & Objectives: This study’s purpose was to investigate the conversational characteristics of children with ADHD. Methods: Ten children with ADHD and 10 normal children, matched with their language age at 4.0-6.0 years, participated in this study. Spontaneous utterances were elicited and videotaped during free play interaction and structured interaction between the child and the researcher. The utterances produced by children were analyzed in terms of number of turn and interruptions in turn-taking, number of topic maintenance and average utterances of topic maintenance in topic maintenance, appropriate and inappropriate responsiveness. The results were analyzed by t-test. Results: The results obtained in the present study were as follows: (1) ADHD children produced significantly fewer number of turns than normal children. The occurrence rate of ADHD children’s interruptions was significantly higher than that of normal children in turns. (2) The occurrence rate for ADHD topic maintenance was significantly lower in ADHD children than that of the normal children, and both groups of children did not show any significant difference in the number of average utterances for maintaining the topic of conversation. (3) Significant differences were seen between the two groups with regards to the type of response; ADHD children gave significantly more inappropriate responses than normal children. Discussion & Conclusion: The results revealed that there were quantitative and qualitative differences between children with ADHD and normal children matched language ability. The relate of conversational turn-taking and behavioral characteristics of children with ADHD were discussed.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

배경 및 목적: 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애(ADHD) 아동들의 상당수가 구어의사소통문제를 동반한다고 보고 되고 있다. 본 연구는 대화 주고받기 특성을 중심으로 이들의 의사소통 특성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 방법: 초등학교 저학년 ADHD 아동 10명과 언어능력을 일치시킨 일반아동 10명을 대상으로 하였다. 아동들에게 상황카드와 찰흙놀이, 그리고 보드판을 이용한 이야기 꾸미기 활동을 통하여 대화자료를 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 말차례 주고받기(적절한 말차례 주고받기 비율, 중복 및 방해비율), 주제유지(주제유지 화제비율, 화제당 평균 발화 빈도), 그리고 대화반응(적절한 반응비율, 부적절한 반응비율)으로 나누어 분석하였다. 모든 결과는 t-검정으로 통계분석하였다. 결과: (1) ADHD 아동들은 언어연령을 비교한 일반아동들에 비해 적절한 말차례 주고받기 비율은 유의하게 낮았으며, 발화의 중복 및 방해비율은 유의하게 높았다. (2) ADHD 아동들은 언어연령을 일치시킨 일반아동들에 비해 주제유지 화제비율은 유의하게 낮았으나 화제당 평균발화빈도에서는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. (3) ADHD 아동들은 일반아동들에 비해 대화상대자의 발화에 대한 적절한 반응은 유의하게 적었으나 부적절한 반응은 유의하게 높았다. 논의 및 결론: 본 연구의 결과는 ADHD 아동들이 언어연령을 일치시킨 일반아동들에 비해 말차례 주고받기에서 양적 및 질적으로 차이가 있음을 보여 준다. 이러한 결과를 ADHD 아동들의 의사소통 및 행동특성과 관련지어 논의하였다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• I. 서론
• II. 연구 방법
• III. 연구 결과
• IV. 논의 및 결론

참고문헌 (Reference)

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