『영화배우는 흑백영화의 주인공이 되어야 한다』의 상호텍스트성 = Intertextuality in A Movie Star has to Star in Black and White

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

A Movie Star Has to Star in Black and White employs three Hollywood classic movies, and one of Kennedy's plays, The Owl Answers. Intertextuality, which has been theorized and developed by Bakhtin, Kristeva, Barthes, and so on, assumes that all texts are not original but are weaved with a fabric, drawn from other texts. From
a postmodern point of view, a text can include not only a written text but also any entity which communicates meaning. White actresses who resemble heroines such as Bette Davis in Now Voyager, Jean Peters in Viva Zapata, and Shelley Winters in A Place in the Sun speak for Clara the main character of A Movie Star. From the intertextual relationship between A Movie Star Winters three movies, some important issues including racism and gender become apparent. As for gender issues, Clara and three actresses are dominated by authoritative figures including husbands or boyfriends. On the other hand, by making movie stars speak for Clara, she accomplishes her dream to be a white woman. At the same time the fact that she internalizes the white male centered ideology which forces her deny her blackness is revealed. The Owl Answers and Clara's diary also have intertextual relationship with A Movie Star. A diary is a private record; on the other hand, The Owl Answers is one of
Kennedy's plays which presupposes the audience/reader. Clara, however, does not want to show her play to anyone, and therefore it also becomes a private record reflecting her fragmented consciousness. In the end three white actresses in the three movies and the characters including an owl in The Owl Answers represent Clara's psyche disintegrated by her womanhood and race under white male dominated culture.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• I. 서론
• II. 상호텍스트성과 흑인 여성의 작가성
• III. 문자 텍스트와 이미지와의 상호텍스트성
• IV. 문자 텍스트 간의 상호텍스트성
• V. 결론

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 정병언, "미국 흑인극의 환상공간과 기괴함의 전복적 욕망" 한국현대영미드라마학회 18 (18): 165-187, 2005

2 "Viva Zapata"

3 Gates, Henry Louis Jr, "The Signifying Monkey: A Theory of Afro-American Literary Criticism" Oxford UP 1988

4 Kintz, Linda, "The Sanitized Spectacle: What's Birth Got to Do With It? Adrienne Kennedy's A Movie Star Has to Star in Black and White" 44 : 67-86, 1992

5 Kennedy, Adrienne, "The Owl Answers. Adrienne Kennedy in One Act" 25-45,

6 Miller, Nancy K, "Subject to Change: Reading Feminist Writing" Columbia UP 1988

7 Kennedy, Adrienne, "People Who Led to My Plays" Alfred A. Knopf 1987

8 Sollors, Werner, "Owls and Rats in the American Funnyhouse: Adrienne Kennedy's Drama" 63 (63): 507-532, 1991

9 "Now Voyager"

10 Cohn, Ruby, "New American Dramatists: 1960-1980" Grove P 1982

11 Allen, Graham, "Intertextuality" Routledge 2000

12 Barthes, Roland, "Image - Music - Text" Fontana 1977

13 McDonough, Carla J, "God and the Owls: The Sacred and the Profane in Adrienne Kennedy's The Owl Answers" 40 : 385-402, 1997

14 Kristeva, Julia, "Desire in Language: A Semiotic Approach to Literature and Art" Columbia UP 1980

15 Sarup, Madan, "An Introductory Guide to Post-Structuralism and Postmodernism" U of Georgia 1990

16 "A Place in the Sun"

17 Kennedy, Adrienne, "A Movie Star Has to Star in Black and White. Adrienne Kennedy in One Act" U of Minnesota P 79-103, 1988

18 Barnett, Claudia, "'This Fundamental Challenge to Identity': Reproduction and Representation in the Drama of Adrienne Kennedy" 48 : 141-55, 1996