청각장애 여성의 미술치료 체험 = A Study on Experience of Art Therapy on Women with Hearing Impairments

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 청각장애 여성이 미술치료를 통해 느끼는 체험의 본질을 이해하기 위해 질적 연구방법 중 하나인 van Manen의 해석학적 현상학의 연구방법을 적용하였다. 본 연구자는 서울에 위치한 ‘S 농아교회’에 출석하는 청각장애 여성 4명을 참여자로 선정하여 총 10회기의 개인미술치료를 실시하였다. 개별면담은 10회기의 개인미술치료를 마친 후 시행되었고, 참여자의 진술 내용과 다양한 문헌과 예술작품을 참고자료로 적용하였다. 참여자들의 공통되는 진술을 분석하여 도출된 6개의 본질적 주제는 <내가 주인이 되는 시간>, <미술로 나를 표현하는 기회>, <그림을 통해 본 잊고 싶은 기억>, <나약한 나에 대한 변화의 시도>, <타인과의 교류 가능성>, <긍정적인 미래상의 발견>이다. 이상의 본질적 주제들을 바탕으로 하여 청각장애 여성이 경험한 미술치료 체험에 대한 결론을 내리면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 청각장애 여성에게 미술치료는 언어를 대신하여 내면을 자유롭게 표현하는 상징적인 의사소통의 체험이다. 둘째, 청각장애 여성에게 미술치료는 자기 개방과 수용의 체험이다. 셋째, 청각장애 여성에게 미술치료는 심리적 갈등을 해소하고 내적 긴장을 이완하는 체험이다. 넷째, 청각장애 여성은 미술치료를 통해 주도적인 작품 활동을 경험함으로 자신감과 성취감을 얻고 자신의 강점을 새로이 발견하는 체험이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to understand the meaning and the essence of women with hearing impairments’ experiences from the art therapy. To achieve the purpose of this study, the study was processed according to the order of ‘concentration on the essence of experience’, ‘existential research’, ‘reflection of hermeneutic phenomenology’, ‘writing of hermeneutic phenomenology’ and so on by applying the research method of Max van Manen, which are one of quality research methods of hermeneutic phenomenology.
On the stage of the concentration on the essence of experience, the phenomenological question, ‘how are the experiences of the women with hearing impairments from the art therapy and what do they to them?’ is made.
On the stage of the existential research, various kinds of materials are collected. The participants of this study were 4 women with hearing impairments from ‘S Deaf people church’ in sungbuk gu, seoul. The participants were selected upon agreement that the individual interview was to be recorded and their drawing from the art therapy used for the study. To collect the information, 10 times or the art therapy was done from August 2005 to October 2005 and the individual interview was conducted for the experience discussing after the period of the art therapy. The contents of the interview were written down exactly what women with hearing impairments said and it was used as a major data for this study. In addition, several literatures and art works were also collected for reference when the survey is analyzed.
With the results of analysis on the participants’ statements at the reflection of hermeneutic phenomenology, 6 main subjects were appeared. The 6 main subjects of art therapy experiments for women with hearing impairments were as following; <Becoming Myself through Art Therapy>, <Occasion for Expression the Inner-self through Art>, <Looking at My Pictures, Memories of Sadness Keep Coming Up>, <Attempt to Change with the Hiding Me>, <Possibility of Interacting with Another Being>, <Discovering a Bright Future>.
The following results can be made for the meaning of the art therapy that the Deaf women experienced based on the main subjects and their subordinate subjects.
First, art therapy for women with hearing impairments is an experience of symbolic communications that allows the person to freely express her inner-self. Secondly, art therapy is an experience for women with hearing impairments to self disclosure and acceptance. Third, art therapy is an experience for women with hearing impairments to resolve their mental complications and relax their inner anxiety. Finally, art therapy is an experience that allows these women to take initiative in participating in art and hence discover their strengths by obtaining confidence and fulfillment.