한국 영화등급분류제도의 규제적 특징 연구 = A Study on Regulatory Features of Korean Film Rating System

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In this article, I tried to investigate the controversies on the film rating system enforced right after IMF crisis and make its significance. The film censorship of Korea had been a means of government exercising power, and it certainly had problems. The censorship begun since Japanese colonial era has changed along with the trajectory of political history of Korea, and it has constantly faced the opposition demanding political democratization. A change of film policy after IMF crisis was not only a result of the external shock, but also of the interior transition. The abolition of film censorship and the improvement of film rating system were conducted in accordance with the liberalization policy of the time: A voluntary deliberation board was launched, and the inherent limitations of the system that still work as the censorship mechanism has been improved one by one. The full- scale restructuring of the system began in 1998 when Kim, Dae-Jung regime had started. During the regime, the rating system was partially reformed through the second amendment of Promotion of the Motion Pictures Industry Act. In 1999, ‘Korea Media Rating Board’ was launched. And when the Restricted screening rate was introduced in 2002, the film rating system was to have the current structure. The biggest issue of the current rating system is the matter of ‘Restricted screening rate. As the Restricted rate takes on the character of the de facto censorship, the issue of the authority of Rating Boards has been raised and the abolition of the Restricted rate has been demanded by film makers. To solve this problem, first of all, an autonomy of the Rating Boards should be guaranteed. And it is necessary to promote the mature culture of discussion which can help supporting the Boards. The freedom of expression of Film must be protected just like any other act of freedom. But it is hard to deny that there also needs to be a means of asking the liability and ethical responsibility of the film makers when they break the criminal law; this will take some time and a lot of effort.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 "헌법재판정보"

2 방청록, "한국의 개방적 통상정책 추진전략과정책적 시사점 연구" 아태연구 16 (1) : 79 ~ 94, 2009

3 배수경, "한국 영화검열제도의 변천에 관한 연구 : 정권별 특징과 심의기구의 변화를 중심으로" 중앙대학교 첨단영상대학원, 2005

4 박경신, "표현규제로서 음란물규제의 예외성" 문화과학, 2013

5 김은경, "음란물에 대한 사회적 인식과 법률규정간의 부정합성 연구 - 2007 노골적인 성표현물에 대한 한국인의 법의식을 중심으로 -" 형사정책연구 19 (1) : 133 ~ 165, 2008

6 한승준, "영화지원정책의 이데올로기 경향성 연구" 서울행정학회 서울행정학회 학술대회 발표논문집, 2010

7 박창석, "영화에 대한 공법적 규제 - 제한상영가 영화를 중심으로 -" 공법학연구 14 (2) : 31 ~ 59, 2013

8 이찬희, "영화등급분류제도와 표현의 자유 : 표현의 자유보장을 위한 영화등급분류제도의 보완을 중심으로" 연세대학교 법무대학원 연세대학교 법무대학원, 2011

9 이희훈, "영화 및 비디오물의 진흥에 관한 법률상 제한상영가 등급에 대한 헌법적 평가" 법학논총 23 : 69 ~ 94, 2010

10 원미란, "영상물등급제도 및 기구의 변천과정에 관한 연구" 국민대학교 종합예술대학원 국민대학교 종합예술대학원, 2012

11 장성규, "억압된 것들의 귀환과 그 윤리의 문제" 황해문화, 2013

12 "법제처 국가법령정보센터 홈페이지"

13 김은규, "문화시장개방, 국제규범, 글로벌 거버넌스" 한국언론정보학보 35 : 7 ~ 35, 2006

14 김동현, "독립영화와 표현의 자유" 성공회대학교 문화대학원, 2014

15 "경향신문 1997.12.23" 1997

16 韓渭洙, "映畵等級制와 表現의 自由 - 특히 制限上映可 等級과 관련하여-" 세계헌법연구 8 (8) : 3 ~ 112, 2003

17 영상물등급위원회, "2014 영상물 등급분류 연감" 2014