Evaluation of Larynx Cancer via Chemometrics Assisted Raman Spectroscopy

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Larynx cancer is a potentially terminal and severe type of neck and head cancer in which malignant cells start to grow and spread upwards in the larynx, or voice box. Smoking tobacco, drinking hot beverages and drinking alcohol are the main risk factors for these tumors. In this study, we aimed to develop a precise, accurate and rapid chemometrics assisted Raman spectroscopy method for diagnosis of larynx cancer in deparaffinized tissue samples. In the proposed method, samples were deparaffinized and 20 microns of each tissue were located on a coverslip. Both healthy (n = 13) and cancerous tissues (n = 13) were exposed to a Raman laser (785 nm) and excitations were recorded between wavenumbers of 50~1500 cm -1. An Orthogonal Partial Least Square algorithm was applied to evaluate the Raman spectrum obtained. Sensitivity and specificity of the proposed method is high enough with the aid of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to test the whole model. Healthy and cancerous tissues were accurately and precisely clustered. A rapid, easy and precise diagnosis algorithm was developed for larynx cancer. By this method, some useful data about differences in biomolecules of each group (phospholipids, amides, tyrosine, phenylalanine collagen etc.) was also obtained from the spectra. It is claimed that the optimized method has a great potential for clustering and separating tumor tissues from healthy ones. This novel, rapid, precise and objective diagnosis method may be an alternative for the conventional methods in literature for diagnosis of larynx cancer.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 M. E. Haisfield-Wolfe, "Variations in symptom severity patterns among oropharyngeal and laryngeal cancer outpatients during radiation treatment : A pilot study" 38 : 279-287, 2015

2 M. H. McGavran, "The incidence of cervical lymph node metastases from epidermoid carcinoma of the larynx and their relationship to certain characteristics of the primary tumor. A study based on the clinical and pathological findings for 96 patients treated by primary en bloc laryngectomy and radical neck dissection" 14 : 55-66, 1961

3 R. G. Snyder, "Studies on determining conformational order in n-alkanes and phospholipids from the 1130 cm-1 raman band" 684 : 111-116, 1982

4 S. Cheraghlou, "Salvage surgery after radiation failure in T1/T2 larynx cancer : Outcomes following total versus conservation surgery" 158 : 497-504, 2018

5 E. De Stefani, "Risk factors for laryngeal cancer" 60 : 3087-3091, 1987

6 V. L. Shavers, "Racial/ethnic patterns of care for cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, sinuses, and salivary glands" 22 : 25-38, 2003

7 C. Salvador-Coloma, "Multidisciplinary care of laryngeal cancer" 12 : 717-724, 2016

8 H. T. Hoffman, "Laryngeal cancer in the United States : changes in demographics, patterns of care, and survival" 116 : 1-13, 2006

9 J. F. Petersen, "Development and external validation of a risk-prediction model to predict 5-year overall survival in advanced larynx cancer" 128 : 1140-1145, 2018

10 C. Mazouni, "Collagen IV levels are elevated in the serum of patients with primary breast cancer compared to healthy volunteers" 99 : 68-71, 2008

11 D. K. Sharma, "Clinico-pathological study of 50 cases of tumours of larynx" 65 : 29-35, 2013

12 R. L. Siegel, "Cancer statistics, 2018" 68 : 7-30, 2018

13 A. J. Tuyns, "Cancer of the larynx/hypopharynx, tobacco and alcohol : Iarc international case‐control study in Turin and Varese(Italy), Zaragoza and Navarra(Spain), Geneva(Switzerland)and Calvados(France)" 41 : 483-491, 1988

14 L. Licitra, "Cancer of the larynx" 47 : 65-80, 2003

15 V. Bajaj, "A hybrid method based on time-frequency images for classification of alcohol and control EEG signals" 28 : 3717-3723, 2017