The purpose of this study is to present alternatives based on the distribution view of Eastern philosophy, noting the fact that Korean society is on the verge of a state of population extinction due to the low birth rate problem.
The problem of low ...
The purpose of this study is to present alternatives based on the distribution view of Eastern philosophy, noting the fact that Korean society is on the verge of a state of population extinction due to the low birth rate problem.
The problem of low birth rate inevitably leads to a slowdown in economic growth. Financial problems will also emerge seriously as productivity decreases and consumption slows due to a lack of labor, and the burden on the pension and welfare system increases due to an aging population. A future without growth is inevitably approaching, with consumption decreasing and falling into a long-term recession due to a sharp decline in the younger generation. This can accelerate economic inequality and collapse community life, leading to a crisis situation in which the national system can be rapidly dismantled. Based on this sense of crisis, data from the National Statistical Office were confirmed on the current status of low birth rate in Korean society. Statistical data confirmed that the problem of low birth rate is very serious. From various data, it was identified that economic problems such as employment insecurity, housing problems, education expenses and child support were the main factors of childbirth.
In this paper, 'recognition' was explored in Eastern philosophy, and alternatives were sought by analyzing the 'system' of France and Sweden, which is evaluated as an ideal model for childbirth policy. In particular, it focused on Hungary's marriage policy, which has recently attracted attention.
Looking at the contents of the thesis, first, I focused on the economic distribution view of Eastern philosophy. Through the economic distribution of 『I Ching(周易)』, 『Guanzi(管子)』, Confucius, Mo-tzu, Mencius, and Xun-tzu, the Ae-min idea for the people was analyzed. All of the economic distribution ideas of Eastern philosophy are centered on guaranteeing the livelihood of the people. The 『I Ching(周易)』 emphasizes harmony and balance, the 『I Ching(周易)』 emphasizes people's livelihood stability and prosperity, Confucius emphasizes humanity and righteousness, Mencius emphasizes humility and practicality, Mencius emphasizes democratic capitalism and static electricity, and Xunzi emphasizes fair distribution through laws and institutions. They all point out in common that the stability of the people is the basis of the country and society, and provide important insights and solutions to today's low birth rate distribution policy. Through an Eastern philosophical perspective, a solution to the fertility rate problem was sought.
Second, the distribution view of Eastern philosophy was reinterpreted modernly, and success stories of France and Sweden and Hungary's policies to increase childbirth were referenced. In addition, the cases of Japan, Singapore, and China among Asian countries were analyzed. In the case of France and Sweden, it was confirmed that the emphasis on the importance of family rather than work and the recognition that the state bears responsibility for giving birth to a child are a key element of a successful childbirth policy.
Third, in order to solve the ‘problem of low birth rate’, the profits arising from the looting theory of public lands should be raised and utilized as basic income or funds. It is a countermeasure to raise funds suitable for Korea regarding the birth policy. Trust should be given to the younger generation through a stable welfare base, expansion of economic support, and creation of a family-friendly environment. In order to realize economic distribution, it is necessary to create basic income or funds by applying the strong collection of arrears tax and the theory of looting of public lands, and through this, the efficiency of distribution should be strengthened.
Fourth, when the national distribution system works positively for unmarried men and women, a clue to solving the childbirth problem can be found. It is also important to change the perception of women, realize gender equality, and prepare policies to support work-family balance. In Korean society, where population extinction is currently at its highest crisis, there is not much time to solve the childbirth problem. It has been confirmed that the low birth rate can be overcome only when a more urgent and effective solution is sought unconsciously.