(The)Role of police in American society : a documentary history

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Series Foreword = xvii
• Preface = xix
• Introduction = xxiii
• Significant Dates in the History of the Police in America = xxxi
• PART Ⅰ : NIGHT WATCHMEN, CONSTABLES, AND SHERIFFS : THE ROLE OF EARLY "POLICE" IN SEVENTEENTH- AND EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY AMERICA = 1
• Document 1 : The Boston Night Watch (April 1631) = 6
• Document 2 : The Duke of York's Laws (1675-1775) = 8
• Document 3 : A Bill Concerning the Choice of Constables (1684) = 10
• Document 4 : The Constables Pocket-Book (Nicholas Boone, 1710) = 11
• Document 5 : Benjamin Franklin on the 1737 Philadelphia Night Watch = 13
• Document 6 : Southern Slave Patrols as a Precursor to Contemporary Police Forces (1704-circa 1861) = 14
• Document 7 : The Regulators (1767) = 17
• Document 8 : The Bill of Rights (1791) = 19
• A. The Fourth Amendment = 20
• B. The Fifth Amendment = 20
• C. The Sixth Amendment = 20
• PART Ⅱ : RANGERS, MARSHALS, AND MUNICIPAL POLICE FORCES : THE ROLE OF THE POLICE IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY = 23
• Document 9 : The Texas Rangers (1823-) = 28
• Document 10 : Metropolitan Police Act (London, 1829) = 30
• A. Excerpts from "An Act for Improving the Police in and Near the Metropolis" = 32
• B. London Times Article on the New Police = 33
• Document 11 : The New York City Police (1845) = 35
• Document 12 : "The Police Uniform" (1854) = 37
• Document 13 : Allan Pinkerton and Private Policing (1867) = 40
• Document 14 : First National Police Convention (1871) = 42
• Document 15 : The Role of the Indian Police in the Western Territories (John P. Clum, 1875) = 45
• Document 16 : Hopt v. Utah (1884) = 47
• Document 17 : Recollections of a New York Chief of Police (George W. Walling, 1887) = 49
• Document 18 : Our Police (George M. Roe, 1890) = 52
• Document 19 : Police Matrons (1890) = 54
• Document 20 : William S. Seavey and the National Chiefs of Police Union (1893-1895) = 57
• Document 21 : "Improvements in Police Work" (W. J. McKelvey, 1896) = 59
• Document 22 : Theodore Roosevelt and the New York Police (1895-1897) = 62
• Document 23 : The Role of United States Marshals in the Western Territories (1898) = 67
• Document 24 : The Nineteenth-Century Town Marshal = 69
• PART Ⅲ : POLICE REFORM AND SOCIAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES IN THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY = 73
• Document 25 : Police Administration (Leonhard Felix Fuld, 1909) = 80
• Document 26 : "The Automobile as a Police Department Adjunct" (J. H. Haager, 1909) = 82
• Document 27 : "A History of the 'Sweat Box' and 'Third Degree'" (Richard Sylvester, 1910) = 84
• Document 28 : Alice Stebbins Wells (1910) = 87
• A. Los Angeles Times Article Announcing Wells' Appointment = 88
• B. Good Housekeeping Magazine Article About Wells = 89
• Document 29 : "Police Regulation of Motor Vehicles" (C. E. Sebastian, 1911) = 91
• Document 30 : "Troubles of a Black Policeman" (1912) = 93
• Document 31 : Weeks v. United States (1914) = 95
• Document 32 : Policeman and Public (Arthur Woods, 1919) = 97
• Document 33 : "The Policeman as a Social Worker" (August Vollmer, 1919) = 100
• Document 34 : The Boston Police Strike (1919) = 105
• A. Governor Coolidge's Response to the Strike (1) = 106
• B. President Wilson's Response to the Strike = 106
• C. Governor Coolidge's Response to the Strike (2) = 106
• Document 35 : American Police Systems (Raymond B. Fosdick, 1920) = 107
• Document 36 : Race Relations and the Police in Chicago (1922) = 110
• Document 37 : "Adding Policemen to the List of Those Who Know How to Shoot" (1923) = 113
• Document 38 : Carroll et al. v. United States (1925) = 115
• A. Opinion of the Court = 115
• B. Dissenting Opinion = 116
• Document 39 : J. Edgar Hoover (1925) = 117
• Document 40 : "Radio in Police Work" (William P. Rutledge. 1929) = 120
• Document 41 : "Our Inefficient Police" (Howard McLellan, 1929) = 124
• Document 42 : "Municipal Police Administration" (Bruce Smith, 1929) = 126
• PART Ⅳ : A GROWING EMPHASIS ON POLICE TRAINING, PROFESSIONALISM, EFFICIENCY, AND ETHICS, 1930-1959 = 131
• Document 43 : Uniform Crime Reporting (1930) = 136
• Document 44 : Report on Police (Wickersham Commission, 1931) = 138
• A. Summary of the Report on Police Written by the Wickersham Commission = 139
• B. Conclusions Reached by Garrett, Monroe, and Vollmer in Their Report on Police = 141
• Document 45 : Our Lawless Police (Ernest Jerome Hopkins, 1931) = 141
• Document 46 : A Cop Remembers (Cornelius W. Willemse, 1933) = 144
• Document 47 : Brown et al. v. Mississippi (1936) = 146
• Document 48 : FBI National Police Academy (J. Edgar Hoover. 1937) = 148
• Document 49 : "FBI Pledge for Law Enforcement Officers" (1937) = 150
• Document 50 : Chambers et al. v. Florida (1940) = 151
• Document 51 : Police Unions and Other Police Organizations (1944) = 154
• Document 52 : Police Administration (0. W. Wilson, 1950) = 157
• Document 53 : Los Angeles Police Chief William H. Parker (1954) = 159
• Document 54 : "Law Enforcement Code of Ethics" (IACP, 1957) = 163
• PART Ⅴ : SOCIAL CHANGE AND CONFLICTING EXPECTATIONS OF THE POLICE ROLE, 1960-1978 = 165
• Document 55 : Mapp v. Ohio (1961) = 168
• A. Opinion of the Court = 169
• B. Dissenting Opinion = 170
• Document 56 : Policewoman's Manual (Lois Lundell Higgins, 1961) = 171
• Document 57 : The Police Role in Racial Conflicts (Juby E. Towler, 1964) = 173
• Document 58 : Police Unionization (1965) = 175
• Document 59 : Governor's Commission on the Los Angeles Riots (1965) = 176
• Document 60 : Miranda v. Arizona (1966) = 180
• A. Opinion of the Court = 181
• B. Dissenting Opinion = 181
• Document 61 : U.S. Task Force Report on the Police (1967) = 182
• Document 62 : Terry v. Ohio (1968) = 186
• A. Opinion of the Court = 187
• B. Dissenting Opinion = 188
• Document 63 : The Kerner Report (1968) = 189
• Document 64 : The Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 = 192
• Document 65 : Varieties of Police Behavior (James Q. Wilson, 1968) = 196
• Document 66 : Police Power (Paul Chevigny, 1969) = 200
• Document 67 : "The Role of the Police in Modern Society" (T. A. Fleek and T. J. Newnam, 1969) = 203
• Document 68 : "The Capacity to Use Force as the Core of the Police Role" (Egon Bittner, 1970) = 204
• Document 69 : The Knapp Commission Report on Police Corruption (1972) = 206
• Document 70 : The Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment (George L. Kelling et al., 1974) = 209
• Document 71 : "A Professor's 'Street Lessons'" (George L. Kirkham 1974) = 212
• Document 72 : "Law Enforcement and Affirmative Action" (Samuel L. Williams, 1975) = 216
• Document 73 : Patrick V. Murphy (1977) = 219
• Document 74 : The Quality of Police Education (Lawrence W. Sherman et al., 1978) = 221
• PART Ⅵ : REEXAMINING AND REDEFINING THE ROLE OF THE POLICE, 1979-1989 = 225
• Document 75 : "Improving Policing : A Problem-Oriented Approach" (Herman Goldstein, 1979) = 228
• Document 76 : "Always Prepared : Police Off-Duty Guns" (James J. Fyfe, 1980) = 231
• Document 77 : The Concept of "Depolicing" (Donald Black and M. P. Baumgartner, 1980) = 233
• Document 78 : "Broken Windows" (James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling. 1982) = 236
• Document 79 : "The Evolving Role of Women in American Policing" (Edith Linn and Barbara Raffel Price, 1985) = 239
• Document 80 : Tennessee v. Garner et al. (1985) = 242
• A. Opinion of the Court = 243
• B. Dissenting Opinion = 244
• Document 81 : Malley et al. v. Briggs (1986) = 244
• A. Opinion of the Court = 245
• B. Dissenting Opinion = 247
• Document 82 : Private Employment of Public Police (Albert J. Reiss, Jr., 1988) = 248
• Document 83 : "Community Policing : A Report from the Devil's Advocate" (David H. Bayley, 1988) = 250
• PART Ⅶ : THE ROLE OF THE POLICE IN THE 1990s = 255
• Document 84 : The Police Mystique (Anthony V. Bouza, 1990) = 256
• Document 85 : Police Role Strain and Role Conflict (A. Daniel Yarmey, 1990) = 259
• Document 86 : The "Law Enforcement Code of Ethics" (revised version, 1991) and the "Police Code of Conduct" (1991) = 262
• Document 87 : The Rodney King Beating and the Christopher Commission Report (1991) = 266
• Document 88 : The Los Angeles Riot and Its Impact on Police-Community Relations (Karen Grigsby Bates, 1992) = 270
• Document 89 : "The Cops' Code of Silence" (Bryan Vila, 1992) = 272
• Document 90 : "The New Policing : Confronting Complexity" (Herman Goldstein, 1993) = 275
• Document 91 : Police for the Future (David H. Bayley, 1994) = 278
• Document 92 : "A Theory of Excessive Force and Its Control" (Carl B. Klockars, 1996) = 281
• Document 93 : "Ethics and Police Integrity : Some Definitions and Questions for Study" (Stephen J. Vicchio, 1996) = 284
• Document 94 : "The Thin Blue and Pink Line" (Lisa Shores, 1997) = 286
• Document 95 : "A Time to Remember" (Darrell L. Sanders, 1997) = 289
• Glossary = 293
• Appendix A : Selected U.S. Supreme Court Cases = 295
• Appendix B : Selected Police-Related Groups, Organizations, and Web Sites = 297
• Select Bibliography = 299
• Index = 313