2019년 여름 동중국해 북부해역의 수괴 분포에 따른 미소플랑크톤의 공간분포 및 생태구조 특성 = Characteristics of ecological structure and spatial distribution of micro-plankton in relation to water masses in the northern East China Sea (nECS) in summer 2019

국문 초록 (Abstract)

여름 동중국해 북부해역 (32°N~33°N, 124°E~127° 30ʹE)에서 수괴에 따른 미소플랑크톤에 속하는 식물플랑크톤 군집 및 섬모충류 현존량의 공간분포 및 저차영양단계의 생태구조 특성을 파악하기 위한 현장조사를 2019년 8월 3일부터 8월 6일까지 21개 정점의 표층과 Chl-a 최댓층 (CML)을 대상으로 채수하였다. 결과 북부해역의 수괴는 크게 중국연안수 (CCW) 및 쓰시마난류 (TWC)로 구분되었다. CCW는 고온, 저염의 환경특성을, 그리고 TWC는 고온, 고염의 환경특성을 나타내었다. 수괴에 따른 식물플랑크톤 군집특성은 CCW가 중국의 대형하천에서 공급되는 영양염류에 의해 다양한 군집구조를 보인 반면, TWC는 남방의 빈영양 외해역에서 발원하여 북상하고 있어 단조로운 군집특성을 나타내었다. 식물플랑크톤과 섬모충류의 현존량은 CCW에서 매우 높았고, TWC에서 낮은 특성을 보였다. 특히 TWC에서 식물플랑크톤에 비해 높은 섬모충류의 현존량을 보이는 것에서 세균 등을 먹이원으로 하는 미세먹이망에 의한 저차영양단계의 에너지흐름이 자원생물 생산에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 판단되었다. 즉 여름 동중국해의 생태구조는 수괴에 따라 CCW가 bottom-up system 구조라면, TWC는 top-down system 구조를 갖는 것으로 추정되었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

We conducted a field survey to analyze the ecological structure and spatial distribution of microplankton (phytoplankton and ciliates) in relation to water masses at 21 stations on the surface and chlorophyll-a maximum layers (CML) in the Northern East China Sea (nECS; 32°-33°N; 124°00’-127°30’E) from August 3 to August 6, 2019. The results showed that the water masses were divided into Chinese Coastal Waters (CCW) and the Tsushima Warm Current (TWC). The CCW showed the environmental characteristics of high temperature and low salinity, and the TWC showed high temperature and high salinity. The characteristics of the phytoplankton community in the CCW showed various community structures related to the nutrients supplied from the large rivers of the Chinese continent. However, the TWC had simple community structures because it originated near the equator and moved northward. The standing crops of phytoplankton and ciliates were very high in the CCW but showed low at the TWC. In particular, from the higher standing crops of protozoa than plant plankton at the TWC, the energy flow at the lower tropic levels caused by the microbial loop that fed on heterotrophic bacteria played an important role in the production of resource organisms. In other words, the marine ecological structure of the nECS in summer could be estimated as a bottom-up system at the CCW and a top-down system at the TWC.

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