Capsaicinoid is a unique secondary metabolite that is synthesized only in Capsicum spp. It provides a pungent taste that made pepper commercially popular as spice. Genes encoding acyltransferase (Pun1), putative aminotransferase (pAMT), CaMYB31 (Pun3)...
Capsaicinoid is a unique secondary metabolite that is synthesized only in Capsicum spp. It provides a pungent taste that made pepper commercially popular as spice. Genes encoding acyltransferase (Pun1), putative aminotransferase (pAMT), CaMYB31 (Pun3), and putative ketoacyl-ACP reductase (KR) were functionally validated to be involved in the capsaicinoid biosynthesis. However, the whole biosynthetic pathway and its regulatory network has not been fully understood. In addition, the mechanism controlling capsaicinoid biosynthesis in pericarp tissues of certain Capsicum spp. remains to be revealed. In this study, transcription data of pepper placenta tissues and pericarp tissues from the previous studies were used to find candidate genes involved in capsaicinoid biosynthesis. Differentially expressed genes (DEG) analysis and Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) discovered candidate genes that might be involved in capsaicinoid biosynthesis. By aligning these genes to QTL positions reported in the previous studies, three genes (Pun1, pAMT, G3PAT) in placenta transcriptome data and two genes (KR, HDG11L) in pericarp transcriptome data were identified. G3PAT and HDG11L encoding acyltransferase and transcription factor, respectively, were newly identified in this study. To validate the function of the genes, two genes were silenced by the virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) method. VIGS of G3PAT resulted in reduction of capsaicinoid content in placenta of pepper fruit, and expression changes in phenylpropanoid pathway and branched fatty acid pathway genes were observed. The results in this study will be useful for further understanding the capsaicinoid biosynthesis.