An introduction to Chinese, Japanese, and Korean computing

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Chapter 1 Introduction = 1
• 1.1 What is Chinese Computing? = 2
• 1.2 Why is There Chinese Computing? = 2
• 1.3 Essences of Chinese Computing = 3
• 1.3.1 Recognition of Human / Machine Interfaces = 3
• 1.3.1.1 Simplicity = 6
• 1.3.1.2 Extensibility = 7
• 1.3.1.3 Action - Voice / Image - Abstract = 8
• 1.3.1.4 Human Intelligence Normal Distribution = 9
• 1.3.1.5 Case in Point : Keyboard = 11
• 1.3.2 Recognition of the Differences Between Chinese and English Culture and Language = 14
• 1.3.2.1 Chinese Character Codes = 16
• 1.4 Past Contributions of Chinese Philosophy to Computer Science = 21
• 1.5 Possible Future Contributions of Chinese Philosophy = 24
• 1.6 Acknowledgements = 25
• 1.7 References = 26
• Chapter 2 About the Chinese Language = 27
• 2.1 Brief History and Development of the Chinese Language = 28
• 2.2 Composition of Chinese Characters = 43
• 2.2.1 Three Components of a Chinese Characters = 43
• 2.2.2 Six Principles of Creating a Chinese Character = 44
• 2.2.3 Radicals and Roots = 46
• 2.2.4 Orthographic, Variant and Simplified Characters = 47
• 2.2.5 How Mans Chinese Characters are in Existence Today = 49
• 2.2.6 How Many Characters are Needed for a General Purpose Chinese computer? = 54
• 2.3 Pronunciation of Chinese Characters = 54
• 2.3.1 The National Phonetic System - $$Ju^4$$ $$Yin^1$$ $$Fu^2$$ $$Hau^44$$ = 55
• 2.3.2 The Romanization and $$Pin^1$$ $$Yin^1$$ = 56
• 2.3.3 Chinese Pronunciation = 61
• 2.3.4 Polyphonetic = 63
• 2.4 Conclusions for this Chapter = 65
• 2.5 Ackowledgements = 66
• 2.6 References = 66
• Chapter 3 Input Methods = 69
• 3.1 Why Are There So Many Input Methods? = 70
• 3.2 Classification of the Input Methods = 70
• 3.2.1 Touch Sense Category = 72
• 3.2.2 Character Shape Sub-Category = 73
• 3.2.2.1 Big Keyboard Group = 73
• 3.2.2.2 Small Keyboard Group = 76
• The Numerical Types = 76
• The Radical Types = 78
• The Stroke Types = 82
• 3.2.2.3 Hand Writing Input = 83
• 3.2.3 Character Phonetic Sub-Category = 84
• $$Ju^4$$$$Yin^1$$ Method = 85
• $$Pin^1$$$$Yin^1$$ Method = 85
• Phrase Input Method = 88
• Semantic Analysis = 89
• 3.2.4 Radicals and Phonetics Combination Sub-Category = 91
• 3.3 Visual Sense Category = 92
• 3.4 Audio Sense Category = 95
• 3.5 Future - Brain Wave Recognition? = 96
• 3.6 Detailed Descriptions of Some Input Methods = 97
• 3.6.1 Tsang?? Jye?? Input Methods = 97
• 3.6.2 Three Corner Coding Method = 100
• 3.6.2.1 Rules of the Three Comer Coding Method = 105
• 3.6.3 The Diagonal Symbol Encoding System = 116
• 3.6.4 Dal-E Encoding Method = 129
• 3.6.4.1 The Composition of the Dal-E Chinese Code = 129
• 3.6.4.2 Rules for getting the Diagonal Digit Numbers = 130
• 3.6.4.2.1 The Priority of Comers = 130
• 3.6.4.2.2 How to Assign Numbers = 131
• 3.6.4.2.2.1 Detailed Explanation = 132
• 3.6.4.2.3 Container Characters = 135
• 3.6.4.2.3.1 Container Rule 1 = 136
• 3.6.4.2.3.2 Container Rule 2 = 137
• 3.6.4.2.3.3 Container Rule 3 = 137
• 3.6.4.2.3.4 Container Rule 4 = 137
• 3.6.4.2.4 Some Composite Examples = 137
• 3.7 Evaluation Considerations = 138
• 3.8 Acknowledgements = 147
• 3.9 References = 147
• Chapter 4 Output Methods - Chinese Character Generation = 155
• 4.1 Why the Demand For a Good Looking Character Output is so Strong? = 156
• 4.2 Classification of the Output Methods = 159
• 4.2.1 Vector Generation Method = 161
• 4.2.2 Dot Matrix Character Pattern = 167
• 4.2.2.1 Excerpts From JIS C 6234-1983 (24-Dots Matrix Character Patterns for Dot Printers) = 168
• 4.3 Evaluation Considerations = 169
• 4.3.1 Correctness of Character Construction = 169
• 4.3.2 Memory Requirement = 173
• 4.3.3 Flexibility of Manipulating the Character's Appearance = 174
• 4.3.4 Displaying (Execution) Speed = 175
• 4.3.5 Character Size and Authenticity = 176
• 4.3.6 Hardware Pixel and Dot Resolution = 177
• 4.3.7 Artistic = 178
• 4.4 Acknowledgements = 178
• 4.5 References = 178
• Chapter 5 Internal Codes = 181
• 5.1 What are Character Sets? = 182
• 5.2 English Character Set and Chinese Character Set = 182
• 5.3 Internal Codes and Interchange Codes = 183
• 5.4 Japancese JIS C6226 = 185
• 5.4.1 Scope = 185
• 5.4.2 Definitions = 185
• 5.4.3 Graphic Character = 187
• 5.4.3.1 Classification of Graphic Characters = 187
• 5.4.3.1.1 Special Character = 187
• 5.4.3.1.2 Numerals = 187
• 5.4.3.1.3 Roman Letter = 187
• 5.4.3.1.4 Hiragana = 187
• 5.4.3.1.5 Katakana = 188
• 5.4.3.1.6 Greek Letter = 188
• 5.4.3.1.7 Russian Letter = 188
• 5.4.3.1.8 Kanji = 188
• 5.4.3.1.9 Ruled Line Element = 188
• 5.4.4 Code = 189
• 5.4.4.1 Unit of Code = 189
• 5.4.4.2 Designation and Invocation of TWo-Byte Code = 189
• 5.4.4.2.1 Designation and Invocation in 7-Bit Code System = 189
• 5.4.4.2.2 Designation and Invocation in 8-Bit Code System = 189
• 5.4.4.3 Code for Graphic Characters = 189
• 5.4.4.4 Ward-Point Number = 189
• 5.4.5 Classification and Arrangement of Kanji = 190
• 5.4.6 Applicable and References Standards = 190
• 5.4.7 Comments = 190
• 5.5 People's Republic of China's GB 2312-80 = 191
• 5.5.1 The GB 2312-80 = 191
• 5.5.2 Comments = 196
• 5.6 Republic of China's Big Fives = 197
• 5.6.1 Introduction = 197
• 5.6.2 Development Process = 198
• 5.6.3 Coding Guidelines and Explanations = 200
• 5.6.3.1 Character Selection Guidelines = 200
• 5.6.3.2 Coding Guidelines = 201
• 5.6.4 Usage Instructions = 202
• 5.6.4.1 Usage of the Code Table = 202
• 5.6.4.2 Usage of the User Area = 205
• 5.6.4.3 Usage of the Code Table and Character Forms = 205
• 5.6.4.4 Appendix = 206
• 5.6.5 Comments = 207
• 5.7 Telex Code = 211
• 5.7.1 Introduction = 211
• 5.7.2 Coding Architecture = 212
• 5.7.2.1 Chinese Telex Code = 212
• 5.7.2.2 Chinese Binary Code = 212
• 5.7.2.3 Chinese Transmission Code = 213
• 5.7.2.4 Storage Code = 214
• 5.7.2.5 Usage Examples = 214
• 5.7.2.5.1 Input Format = 214
• 5.7.2.5.2 Transmission Format = 216
• 5.7.2.6 Suggestions = 216
• 5.7.2.6.1 The Format of Writting Chinese Telex Codes = 216
• 5.7.2.6.2 Principle of Terminal Chinese / English Mode Setting = 217
• 5.7.2.6.3 Transmission of 8-Bits Chinese Characters = 217
• 5.7.2.6.4 Flexible Application of the Default Setting = 217
• 5.7.3 Comments = 217
• 5.8 Acknowledgements = 218
• 5.9 References = 218
• Chapter 6 Chinese Character Code for Information Interchange = 221
• 6.1 A Little Bit of History = 222
• 6.2 ISO Standards - ISO 646 and ISO 2022 = 225
• 6.3 Code Structure of the CCCII / REACC / EACC = 227
• 6.4 The Arrangement of the CCCII Chinese Characters = 231
• 6.5 Subsets and Compression of the CCCII / REACC / EACC = 233
• 6.6 Unique Features of the CCCII / REACC / EACC = 239
• 6.7 Chinese Character Data Base = 240
• 6.8 The CCCII Machine = 245
• 6.9 Acknowledgements = 247
• 6.10 References = 248
• Chapter 7 Chinese Software = 251
• 7.1 The Importance of the Chinese Software = 252
• 7.2 Chinese Operating Systems = 255
• 7.3 Chinese Computer Languages = 257
• 7.3.1 Chinese Data Language = 261
• 7.3.2 Chinese Micro-COBOL : A Data Processing Language for Microprocessor Systems = 262
• 7.3.3 Dai-E Chinese FORTH = 263
• 7.3.3.1 What is FORTH? = 263
• 7.3.3.2 The Similarity Between Chinese Philosophy and FORTH = 265
• 7.3.3.3 The Implementation of Dai-E Chinese FORTH = 268
• 7.3.4 Chinese Logo = 276
• 7.4 Significant Chinese Application Programs = 278
• 7.4.1 Computer Writes Paint Brush Characters = 279
• 7.4.2 Computerized Typesetting and Editing of Chinese Newspaper = 279
• 7.4.3 Teaching and Learning Chinese = 280
• 7.4.4 Processing Chinese History and Classical Literature = 282
• 7.4.5 Chinese Library Information Network = 284
• 7.4.6 Chinese Telephone Directory = 285
• 7.4.7 Computerized Chinese-English Dictionary = 285
• 7.5 Looking into a Modem Modern Chinese Computing Crystal Ball... = 287
• 7.6 References = 291
• Chapter 8 A Real Implementation Example = 293
• 8.1 Background Introduction - Why I Did This? = 294
• 8.2 Hardware and Software Environment = 298
• 8.3 Construction Approaches = 300
• 8.3.1 Total Software Solution = 300
• 8.3.2 Input Methods and Future Expansions = 300
• 8.3.3 Dai-E Phonetic Keyboard = 300
• 8.3.4 Character Generation - Vector Method = 311
• 8.4 The Dai-E Chinese Word Processor = 318
• 8.5 Some Afterthoughts = 322
• 8.6 Acknowledgements = 322
• 8.7 References = 323
• Appendices
• A. Various Chinese Pronunciation Systems = 325
• B. Character Distribution per Radical = 327
• C. Character Distribution per Stroke Count = 331
• D. Phonetic Statistics of the Big-e Character Set by Character Count = 333
• E. Phonetic Statistics of the Big-5 Character Set by Pronunciation = 343
• F. Sample Page of CCCII Character Table - Orthographics = 353
• G. Sample Page of CCCII Character Table - Variants = 355
• H. Sample Page of Chinese Character Data Base = 357
• Terminology
• A. English versus Chinese = 359
• B. Chinese versus English = 375
• Index = 391