육감에서 정책으로 : 한국전쟁기 미 공군 전폭기들의 민간지역 폭격의 구조 = From a hunch to a policy : a structure of bombing civilian areas by USAF fighter-bombers during the Korean War

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

During the early days of the Korean War, the close air support provided by the USAF fighter-bombers in the frontline areas significantly contributed to the delaying of the seemingly relentless advance of the North Korean Army. On the other hand, USAF fighter-bomber pilots in their military strategies and campaigns in the South Korean region diverged very quickly from the original intentions of ‘the precision bombing against military targets’ policy. The USAF bombings in the South Korean region were operating under several factors such as vaguely delineated targets, mechanical problems of the airplane, and the countermeasures undertaken by the North Korean Army, which soon pushed the operations to deviate from the initial purpose of the precision bombing against military targets policy. So although pilots had no concrete evidence of the presence of troops, they began basing their bombing decisions on feeling a “hunch” - and thus began the phase of inflicting indiscriminate bombing.
In November of 1950, the UN Army was confronted with a new phase of the war, the entry of the Chinese Communist Army into battle. In reaction, the United Nations Command Douglas Macarthur gave instructions for an extremely aggressive offensive aerial bombing operation that had not existed previously. He directed the commanders of the FEAF to mark cities and villages where North Korean civilians resided as primary military targets. And the fighter-bombers of FEAF began to destroy North Korean civilian areas with napalm bombs, following the direction of a new policy, that was so called "Scorched Earth Policy."

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 머리말
• 1. 조종사의 추측과 육감에 의한 민간지역 폭격 구조의 등장 배경
• 2. 조종사의 추측과 육감에 의한 민간지역 폭격의 양상
• 3. 상부 정책에 의한 조직적 민간지역 파괴 : 1950년 11월 이후 북한 도시와 농촌 공격
• 맺음말
• 참고문헌
• 〈Abstract〉

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 김태우, "한국전쟁기 미 공군의 공중폭격에 관한 연구" 서울대 2008

2 로버트 T. 올리버, "한국동란사" 문교부 1959

3 이만열, "노근리사건의 진상과 그 성격-노근리사건 진상규명과 해결 방향에 관한 심포지움" 2002

4 노근리사건조사반, "노근리사건 조사결과보고서" 2001

5 최상훈, "노근리 다리 -한국전쟁의 숨겨진 악몽" 잉걸 2002

6 Robert F. Futrell, "The United States Air Force in Korea 1950-1953" Duell, Sloan and Pearce 1961

7 Bruce Cumings, "The Origins of the Korean War, Vol. II: The Roaring of Cataract, 1946~1950" Yuksabipyungsa 2002

8 William Green and Gordon Swanborough, "The Great Book of Fighters" MBI Publishing 2001

9 Michael Knight, "Strategic Offensive Air Operations, Brassey's Air Power:Aircraft, Weapons Systems and Technology Series"

10 Sahr Conway-Lanz, "Collateral Damage: Americans, Noncombatant Immunity, and Atrocity After World War II" Routledge 2006

11 Dean Hess, "Battle Hymn" McGraw-Hill 1956

12 Conrad C. Crane, "American Airpower Strategy in Korea, 1950-1953" University Press of Kansas 2000

13 James T. Stewart, "Air Power -The Decisive Force in Korea-" D. Van Nostrand Company 1957

14 최병수, "6·25동란 초기 충북 영동지구의 민간인 살해사건에 관한 연구(I)-노근리의 미군 대양민 집단살해사건을 중심으로-｣" 1999