청정개발메커니즘을 통한 배출권거래에 관한 연구: EU의 사례를 중심으로 = A Study on the Emissions Trading through Clean Development Mechanism: Focused on the Case of EU

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

EU has started some discussions on Emissions Trading Scheme since 2001 and established EU-ETS (EU Emissions Trading Scheme) which uses Flexibility Mechanism on Kyoto Protocol. Flexibility Mechanism is composed by Emission Trading(ET), Clean Development Mechanism(CDM), and Joint Implementation(JI). ET is the most popular means to reduce greenhouse gases for Annex I countries, yet recently many nations emphasis their efforts on CDM, which can assist Parties not included in Annex I in achieving sustainable development and in contributing to the ultimate objective of the Convention, and to assist Parties included in Annex I.
Especially EU has its collaboration measures and programmes to support CDM project, also every members has their national law and regimes for it. The best participant on CDM projects, registered in UN is EU. Korea also participates in CDM projects as a Host-country to provide against emissions reductions. Korea has an experience to sell gained CERs in Carbon market. This study, therefore, examines the regimes and measures for CDM in leading EU and member countries, which execute Kyoto Protocol actively. We evaluate their programmes and individual regimes then suggest some implications.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

EU는 2001년부터 탄소배출권 거래에 대한 논의를 시작하여 2005년부터 EU-ETS라는 자체 배출권 거래제를 시행중인데 교토의정서 협의안 중 유연성체제를 활용하여 배출권을 거래하고 있다. 유연성체제는 배출권거래, 청정개발메커니즘, 공동이행의 세 가지로 구성되어 있으며 의무감축국인 선진국에서는 배출권 거래가 활발하게 시행되고 있다. 그러나 최근에는 지속가능한 성장을 달성하고 교토의정서의 궁극적인 목적에 공헌하도록 지원하기 위한 수단으로 선⋅개도국 모두가 참여 가능한 청정개발메커니즘에 대한 관심과 참여가 높아지고 있다. EU는 공동 정책과 더불어 회원국의 개별 정책을 통해 청정개발메커니즘에 대한 지원안을 마련하고 있으며 UN에 등록된 청정개발메커니즘 프로젝트에 가장 많이 참여하고 있다. 한국의 경우도 향후 온실가스 저감국으로 지정될 것에 대비하여 청정개발메커니즘에 참여중이며 이미 획득한 CERs을 탄소시장에 판매하기도 하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 온실가스 배출 감축의 수단으로써 현재 이슈가 되고 있는 청정개발메커니즘을 중심으로 기후변화협약 이행에 선구적인 EU의 법제도 측면 및 현황 분석을 통하여 한국에 적용가능한 시사점을 제시하고자 한다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 伊藤葉子, "省エネルギー促進に向けた CDM, 課題" 44 : 30-39, 2008

2 오오구시 타쿠야, "탄소배출권: 거래와 시장" 아카데미프레스 2009

3 노동운, "청정개발제도(CDM)의 기준선(baseline) 설정 사례: 태국의 왕겨발전 프로젝트" 6-29, 2004

4 민연주, "지속가능 성장을 위한 녹색물류추진체계" 고양: KOTI 59-77, 2008

5 "워터저널"

6 조용수, "글로벌 탄소시장의 동향과 향후 전망" LG Business Insight 2-19, 2008

7 여민구, "국내외 CDM 사업현황" 한국대기환경학회 215-217, 2008

8 "국내 CDM 사업 등록현황"

9 權取引ビジネス硏究会, "排出权取引ビジネス, 実践"

10 World Bank, "World Bank State and Trends of the Carbon Market 2008"

11 "UNEP/Risoe CDM Project Distribution within Host Countries by Region and Type"

12 "UNEP/Risoe CDM Pipeline"

13 Defra, "UK Guidance on Approval and Authorisation to Participate in Clean Development Mechanism Project Activities"

14 IES, "Report on UK CDM Regulations Implementation" The Institution of Engineers Singapore 2008

15 "Registered Projects by AI and NAI Investor Parties"

16 "Registered Project Activities by Host Party"

17 "Project Types Breakdown into the Sub-types"

18 "Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety"

19 UNFCCC, "Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change"

20 UNFCCC, "Kyoto Protocol Reference Manual on Accounting of Emissions and Assigned Amounts"

21 IEA, "Key World Energy Statistics, 2008. Paris: International Energy Agency"

22 EEA, "Greenhouse Gas Emission Trends and Projections in Europe 2008: Tracking Progress towards Kyoto Targets" Copenhagen: EEA 2008

23 EEA, "Greenhouse Gas Emission Trends and Projections in Europe 2008: Annex Additional Information on Greenhouse Gas Emission Trends and Projections by Sector and by Member State" Copenhagen: EEA 2008

24 DEHSt, "German CDM Manual - Guidance For Applicants, Version 1.0"

25 Philibert, C, "Emissions Trading: Taking Stock and Looking Forwards"

26 "Emission Law"

27 박명섭, "EU의 탄소배출권거래 제도에 관한 연구" 국제지역학회 12 (12): 297-324, 2008

28 EC, "EU Emissions Trading: An Open Scheme Promoting Global Innovation to Combat Climate Change"

29 "ECX Trading Volumes Surge in 2008"

30 "Climate Change Projects Office"

31 UNFCCC, "Clean Development Mechanism 2008 in Brief"

32 VROM, "Clean Development Mechanism (CDM): The Dutch Contribution to Mitigate Climate Change"

33 Point Carbon, "Carbon Market Daily" 5 (5): 2009

34 에코아이, "Carbon Focus"

35 "CERs"

36 須藤智德, "CDM促進に向けた ODA, 活用" 44 : 13-21, 2008

37 Ellis, J., "CDM: Taking Stock and Looking Forward" 35 : 15-28, 2007

38 "CDM States and Provinces"

39 "CDM Projects Grouped in Types"

40 에너지관리공단, "2006 기업을 위한 CDM 사업 지침서"