발전국가(developmental state)를 넘어선 국가-기업 관계: 1980년대 대만 정부의 반도체 산업 전략과 TSMC의 창립 = State-Corporate Relations beyond the Developmental State: The Taiwanese Government’s Semiconductor Industry Strategy in the 1980s and the Founding of TSMC

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 연구는 발전국가(developmental state)의 산업 육성 전략을 분석하면서, 대만이 기존의 발전국가인 한국 및 일본과 비교해 훨씬 유기적이고 밀접한 정부-기업 관계를 형성했음을 밝힌다. 특히, 대만 전자 산업계의 가장 큰 기업인 TSMC의 창립 과정을 분석하면서 국가-국책연구소-기업 관계가 어떻게 형성되었는지를 정리한다. 한국과 일본은 경제 발전에 근간이 될 만한 유치산업(infant industry)을 선정해 집중적으로 육성하는 전략을 폈지만, 대만은 세상에 존재하지 않았던 새로운 사업 모델을 정부가 개발하고 투자한 경우다. 이 연구는 이러한 대만 정부의 산업정책을 바탕으로 ‘선지국가(visionary state)’라는 개념을 제시하며, TSMC 설립 이전부터 반도체 산업의 발전을 주도한 주요 인물들의 행위를 추적한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study analyzes the developmental state’s industrial development strategy and argues that Taiwan has formed a much more organic and close government-business relationship compared to existing developmental states such as Korea and Japan. In particular, I analyze the founding process of TSMC, the largest company in Taiwan’s electronics industry, and summarize how the relationship among the government, state-run research institutes, and corporations was formed. Korea and Japan adopted a strategy of selecting and intensively nurturing infant industries that are the basis for economic development, but in Taiwan, the government developed and invested in a new business model that did not exist in the world. This study presents a ‘visionary state’ model based on the Taiwanese government’s industrial policy and traces the actions of key figures who led the development of the semiconductor industry even before the establishment of TSMC.

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