In the continuous casting process, hypo peritectic steel has a complex phase change and a high cracking ratio. So, first, we develop a model of phase transformation that can simulate the phase change behaviors of the hypo peritectic steel. This new mo...
In the continuous casting process, hypo peritectic steel has a complex phase change and a high cracking ratio. So, first, we develop a model of phase transformation that can simulate the phase change behaviors of the hypo peritectic steel. This new model is suggested to predict the behaviors of phase transformation during continuous cooling by considering the thermodynamics, empirical formulas, and carbon diffusion. Particularly, massive transformation from δ phase to γ phase and undercooling from the peritectic temperature to the formation of γ phase (dTp) are included in this model. As a result, it is showed that the phase change behaviors of the hypo peritectic steel have two paths. When the solidification is completed without the peritectic transformation to all δ phases before the temperature reaches Tps (=Tp (peritectic temperature)-dTp), the solidified δ phase is transformed to the γ phase by the massive transformation. On the other hand, when the peritectic transformation at the L/δ interface starts at Tps, the growth of the γ phase by the peritectic transformation is generated by the carbon diffusion.
Using the results of the phase change model of hypo peritectic steel, the mechanisms of crack generation in the continuous casting process were investigated. So, new models are developed, such as strain rates in solid, volume contraction rates with liquid, and pore formation susceptibilities. In addition, stress model is developed for calculating the stress distribution in the solidified shell. As a result, it can be suggested that the massive transformation in solid and peritectic transformation during solidification are the main mechanisms of crack generation. In addition, it is showed that these two crack mechanisms are divided based on the linear relation between carbon contents and dTp, and that the probability of crack generation is high near the transition boundary between the two mechanisms.
The crack generation ratios are analyzed by using the results of models for predicting crack generation. In order to apply the results of the models to alloying steel, an equation of effective carbon composition is suggested. As a result, it is possible to analyze the behaviors of the crack generation ratio according to the effective carbon contents at various experiments by using the temperature at which massive transformation starts and the pore formation susceptibilities at a specific dTp. Furthermore, the effects of silicon, manganese and casting speed on the behaviors of crack generation are analyzed. Casting speed, silicon concentration, and manganese concentration shifted the effective carbon composition with the maximum crack ratio. These behaviors of crack ratios according to casting speed, silicon, and manganese can be understood by the difference of δ/γ interfacial energy as the energy to overcome to generate γ phase. As a results, because the casting speed, silicon contents, and manganese contents can change the dTp by affecting the nucleation of the γ phase, it can be suggested that they can change the carbon contents with the maximum crack ratio.