AI의 군사적 이용 -국가별 전략과 사이버안보 측면의 시사점- = Artificial Intelligence in Military Appliance -National Strategy and Cyber Security Challenges-

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examines the national strategies and policies related to artificial intelligence (AI), as well as its military applications in leading technological powers such as the United States and China, and analyzes the implications from a cybersecurity perspective. Based on these insights, we propose strategic directions for advancing South Korea’s AI strategy and its military applications.
Currently, South Korea has established and is implementing a national strategy for AI development. However, compared to the U.S. and China, its policies remain underdeveloped, particularly in terms of military utilization and the corresponding cybersecurity considerations. Consequently, a strategic approach to enhancing national security and military capabilities through AI is urgently required.
Foremost, continuous improvement and advancement of the Artificial Intelligence Basic Act, enacted in 2024, are necessary. While this law provides a foundation for fostering and regulating the AI industry, it must be revised into a more flexible and adaptive form to respond to rapidly evolving technological landscape.
Additionally, AI technologies should be actively integrated into the National Cybersecurity Strategy. At the same time, a national-level framework must be established for managing and protecting data, which is central to AI security. This includes building a standardized governance system for data collection, storage, sharing, and utilization to ensure the safety and reliability of AI-based models.
From a strategic perspective, efforts must focus on enhancing cybersecurity capabilities through the establishment of AI-powered threat detection systems, the formulation of AI ethics standards, and the reinforcement of public–private–military collaboration frameworks. On this foundation, it is critical to supplement existing strategies for military AI applications and to define clear technical standards and ethical guidelines.