수직 배연구의 자연배연 성능에 관한 수치해석연구 = A Numerical Study for the Performance ofNatural Smoke-venting of a Vertical Vent

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In this study, the effects of vent location, outside temperature, wind velocity and fire size on the performance of natural venting of the vertical vent designed according to NFPA 204 standard and fire characteristics were numerically investigated using CFAST. In cases of the Vent located on most upper wall, lower outside temperature and lower wind velocity, vents met the performance criteria of venting. The larger fire size becomes, the more mass flow rate through a vent becomes, but the lower interface height of smoke layer becomes, so that vent didn't meet the performance criteria of venting. It should be noted that a natural vertical vent be designed considering maximum outside temperature and maximum wind velocity and developing a design fire accurately in order to meet the performance criteria of venting.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구에서는 미국 NFPA 204 기준에 의해 설계된 수직 배연구에 대하여 배연구의 위치, 외기 온도, 풍속 및 화재크기가 자연배연 성능에 미치는 영향과 화재특성을 CFAST 프로그램을 사용하여 수치 해석 적으로 조사하였다. 배연구는 외벽의 최고 상부에 위치한 경우와 외기온도가 낮은 경우 및 풍속이 작은 경우 배연성능기준을 만족하였다. 또 화재크기가 클수록 배출량은 증가하나 연기층 높이는 낮아져 배연성 능기준을 만족하지 못하였다. 직접 외기와 통하는 수직 자연배연구의 설계시 해당지역의 최고 온도와 최 대 풍속을 고려하고, 설계화재를 정확히 결정하여 배연성능기준이 만족되도록 주의가 요망된다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

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2 Fu, Z., "Smoke Movement Model" IRC 23-27, 2002

3 Leonard Y. Cooper, "SFPE Handbook, Section 3, Chapter 9, Smoke and Heat Venting" SFPE 222-, 2002

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5 Howard W. Emmons, "SFPE Handbook, Section 2, Chapter 3, Vent Flows" 36-, 2002

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8 NFPA, "NFPA 204 Standard for Smoke and Heat Venting 2002 Edition" NFPA 18-19, 2002

9 NFPA, "NFPA 204 Standard for Smoke and Heat Venting 2002 Edition" NFPA 11-12, 2002

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12 Leonard Y. Cooper, "Calculation of the flow through a horizontal ceiling/floor vent"

13 조동훈, "2007 소방관계법규" 동화기술 103-105, 2007

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15 ASHRAE, "1999 ASHRAE Application Handbook ; Chapter 51 Fire and Smoke Management" ASHRAE 51.1-51.6, 1999