엘리아스 카네티의 『현혹』과 루쉰의 「아큐정전」 비교연구: 20세기 초 전지구적 세계통합의 완성과 개별정신의 위기 = A Comparative Study of Elias Canetti’s Auto Da Fé and Lu Xun’s The True Story of Ah Q

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본고는 카네티의 『현혹』과 루쉰의 「아큐정전」을 통해 20세기 초 독일어권과 중국문화권에서 공통적으로 발견되는 개별정신의 위기에 주목하고, 그러한 위기의 원인으로 전지구적 세계통합의 완결을 제시했다. 20세기 초에 전지구적 세계통합을 완성한 자본주의는 구조적으로 패자(敗者)를 양산하는 경제체제이며, 패자는 사회 내부만이 아니라 국제관계에서도 생겨난다. 독일어권과 근대중국은 최소한 20세기 초반에는 이러한 자본주의적 세계질서 내부의 명백한 패자였다. 당시 독일어권과 중국의 대중은 구조적 절망의 상황에서 망상이라도 붙잡고 살아남고자 했지만, 그러한 망상에 의존한 삶은 단순한 지속조차 보장할 수 없는 불안정성 위에 놓여 있다는 점을 『현혹』과 「아큐정전」은 명백하게 보여주었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper focuses on the crisis of individual spirit commonly found in Eastern and Western literature at the beginning of the 20th century through Canetti’s Auto Da Fé and and Lu Xun’s The True Story of Ah Q, and consider the globally forced integration of the secular world as a background. As a psychological crisis of that time, this paper points out the phenomenon of deprivation of individual activity and the perpetuation of anxiety, which was strongly shared by the Chinese and German-speaking publics, effectively nullifying the traditional differences between East and West. Kien and Fischerle’s extreme individualism and self-deceptive defensive tendencies reflected the situation of the German-speaking public at the time, which was also found prominently in Ah Q. The mental crisis of Kin-Fischerle-Ah Q is homogeneous in that it is an internal unrest severely imposed on each individual by the violent world integration through global imperialism and the First World War. The significant literary value of Auto Da Fé and The True Story of Ah Q is that they testify to the spiritual crisis of the times that occurred in the process of forcibly reorganizing the secular world into a unified body according to the pressure of global capitalization. At that time, small citizens and people in the East and the West tried to survive by holding onto even a delusion in the midst of structural despair, but Canetti and Lu Xun showed that the world had become so fragile that even the mere continuation of life built on such delusions was left to chance.

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